Prevalence and diagnostic features of osteoarthrosis of the temporomandibular joint: a review

Abstract

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) consist of not only the internal derangement of Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) but also areas extrinsic to TMJ. Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease that manifests as a chronic debilitating disease and occurs due to degradation and loss of articular cartilage. There occur changes in the subchondral bone and other soft tissues. Osteoarthritis is not uncommon in the Temporomandibular joints (TMJs). The etiopathogenesis of osteoarthritis is associated with multiple risk factors. The disease progresses slowly and passes through different phases with periods of remission and ultimately results in the burnout phase. It needs a good understanding of the diagnostic algorithm and that facilitates better management of the disease in the TMJ. The aim of this review article is to highlight and update the prevalence, diagnosis, pathogenesis and general characteristics of TMJ Osteoarthritis.

A Biochemical Study of the Effect of High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid in Management of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis in Rats

“…The main symptom of an arthritic joint is dull pain. The inflammatory clinical features of the disease also include: masticatory muscles and TMJ tenderness, joint instability, stiffness, joint sounds and decreased range of joint motion (3,4).…”

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in human ancient skeletal remains from Late Holocene in southern Patagonia

“…Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ‐OA) is a subtype of temporomandibular disorders (Zarb and Carlsson, ), characterized by progressive cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodelling, and chronic inflammation of the synovial tissue (Bansal, ; Wang, Zhang, Gan, & Zhou, ). The exact pathogenesis of degenerative changes of TMJ remains unclear, due to the several high risk factors probably involved (Alanen, ; Bansal, ; Wang et al, ). Numerous studies suggested that TMJ‐OA is mainly related to oral health.…”

“…Analyses in current (e.g., Bertram et al, ; Eversole, Pappas, & Graham, ; Takayama, Miura, Yuasa, Kobayashi, & Hosoi, ) and ancient (e.g., Hinton, ; Hinton & Carlson, ; Hodges, ; Liryo da Silva, ; Richards, ; Richards & Brown, ; Sheridan, Mittler, Van Gerven, & Covert, ; Whittaker, Davies, & Brown, ) samples proposed that TMJ‐OA is probably associated with dental pathologies as caries and functional overload produced by malocclusal problems derived from dental attrition (DA) and antemortem tooth loss (AMTL) of the posterior dentition. Moreover, some evidence suggested that TMJ‐OA could be also secondary to bruxism, trauma, developmental abnormalities, the morphology of the skull and mandible, and even emotional stress (Bansal, ; Granados, ; Katsavrias, ; Rando & Waldron, ; Richards & Brown, ; Su, Liu, Yang, Shen, & Wang, ; Takayama et al, ; Wang et al, ; Widmalm et al, ).…”

“…suggested that TMJ-OA could be also secondary to bruxism, trauma, developmental abnormalities, the morphology of the skull and mandible, and even emotional stress (Bansal, 2016;Granados, 1979;Katsavrias, 2002;Rando & Waldron, 2012;Richards & Brown, 1981;Su, Liu, Yang, Shen, & Wang, 2018;Takayama et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2015;Widmalm et al, 1994).…”

Addressing the Gaps: Therapeutic and Prognostic Considerations in Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthrosis

“…Osteoarthritis can also affect Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) where it involves the cartilage, subchondral bone, and synovial membrane and results in TMJ remodeling and abrasion of articular cartilage [2,3]. Epidemiologic findings of TMJ osteoarthritis are similar to generalized osteoarthritis [4]. The clinical manifestations of TMJ osteoarthritis occurs in 8-16 % of population [5,6]and involvement may be unilateral or bilateral.…”