Prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Klebsiella pneumoniae in Algiers hospitals (Algeria)

382 CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae in the intensive care unit of Tlemcen Hospital, Algeria

“…Resistance to aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin and netilmicin), ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole was observed in all the isolates and transconjugant analysis showed the co-transfer of these resistances with CTX-M-15. The close association of ESBL production with these resistances has been previously reported [7,19,21].…”

“…ESBL genes were identified by PCR as previously described using universal primers of the CTX-M family and specific primers for CTX-M groups (CTX-M-1, CTX-M-2, CTX-M-8, CTX-M-9, CTX-M-25) [7]. The PCR products were sequenced and the nucleotide sequences and deducedprotein sequences were analysed with the BLAST and FASTA programs of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (http://www.ncbi.nlm.…”

Characteristics of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates recovered from wastewater of an Algerian hospital

“…Samples were pooled and 100 mL volumes of the homogenate and serial tenfold dilutions were filtered on cellulose nitrate membranes of 0.45 µm-pore-size (Millipore, Molsheim, France), and filters were placed onto Tergitol-7 agar (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) supplemented with ciprofloxacin (1 µg/mL). After incubation at 37°C for 24 hours, ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates were identified by the API 20E system (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Étoile, France) and genotyped by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) using primer ERIC2 [8]. Fingerprints were visually compared; strains dissimilar by one band or more were considered to be different.…”

“…Simplex and multiplex PCR were used to screen for the following resistance genes: plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qnrC, qnrD, aac-(6')-Ib, and qepA [14]; beta-lactamases blaOXA-1, blaTEM, and blaCTX-M [8,15]; tetracycline efflux pumps tetA, tetB, tetC, tetD, and tetE [15]; dihydropteroate synthases sul1, sul2, and sul3 [15]; dihydofolate reductase gene clusters dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA8, and dfrA12 [16]; aminoglycosides adenyltransferases, acetyltransferases and phosphotransferases aadA1/2, aadA5, aac(3)II, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-IIa [15]; and mercuric reductase merA [17]. The screening for class 1 integrons was done by PCR targeting the int1 gene [8]. PCR-obtained products of gyrA, parC, PMQR, and blaCTX-M genes were sequenced and analyzed with the BLAST and FASTA programs of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (www.ncbi.nlm.nhi.gov).…”

Prevalence of Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Bacteria among the Clinical Samples in and around a Tertiary Care Centre in Nerul, Navi Mumbai, India

“…Moland and colleagues have shown that ESBL-producing isolates were found in 75% of 24 medical centers in the United States (23 Moland et al, 2002) [10] while in other studies around USA, 4.2 44% of gram negative bacteria were found to be ESBL producers (24-26 Saurian s et al, 2000;Mathai et al, 2001;Winokur et al, 2001) [11][12][13] . Spain has seen a prevalence of 20.8% (27 Romero et al, 2007) [14] , Taiwan 28.4% (28 Kuo et al, 2007) [15] , Turkey 78.6% (29 Hos, oglu et al, 2007) [16] , Algeria 20% (30 Messai et al, 2008) [17] and China 51% (31 Xiong et al, 2002) [18] . The studies conducted in India also show high prevalence of ESBL producers.…”