Prevalence and association of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin gene with the risk of sepsis in patients infected with Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Ahmad, Noor Ilham; Yean, Chan Yean; Foo, Phiaw Chong; Safiee, Amira Wahida Mohamad; Hassan, Siti Hasnah

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.06.018

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Of more interest, the PVL-encoding genes detected in this work were all from non-severe cases, and no blood, tissue or ETA specimens had isolates that were PVL-positive. Association of PVL with non-severe cases has been recognized [ 31 , 32 ], but the reverse was also sporadically reported [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by High-Throughput Sequencing in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Soliman

Elmanakhly

et al. 2020

Genes

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are associated with serious complications and poor clinical outcome. In Egypt, they contribute to more than 70% of S. aureus healthcare-associated infections. This study combined whole-genome sequencing, bioinformatics, and statistical analyses to identify the phylogeny, resistome, virulome and potential genotype–phenotype–clinical correlation among 18 clinical isolates of MRSA in a tertiary hospital in Cairo, Egypt. The ST1535-V MRSA clone was the most frequently isolated (16.6%), followed by ST5-VI, ST1-V and ST239-III (11.1% each). SCCmec V, VI, IV and III types were detected at frequencies of 50%, 16.6%, 11.1% and 11.1%, respectively. None of the tested virulence genes were detected in all isolates, but they ranged in distribution from 1/18 to 17/18. The Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-encoding genes were detected in only four isolates and were enriched in isolates causing non-severe cases. Phylogenetic analysis revealed relatedness between three ST1535-Vs, two ST5-VIs, two ST239-IIIs and two ST1-Vs; however, only the two genetically related ST1-V isolates were epidemiologically linked. While disease outcome and source of infection had no correlation with a particular genotypic pattern, the sequence type was the most correlated factor with phylogeny and genotypic patterns, and a few genes were associated with non-severe cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by High-Throughput Sequencing in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Soliman

Elmanakhly

et al. 2020

Genes

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“…25 The main characteristic of CA-MRSA is the presence of panton-valentine leukocidin (PVL), which is associated with leukocyte toxins. PVL-positive CA-MRSA infection rates can reach 61.1%, 26 70.4%, 27 and even 78.4%. 28 PVL induces the dissolution of monocytes and neutrophils, leading to leukocytosis and tissue necrosis, then causing skin and soft tissue infections, and even necrotizing pneumonia and necrotizing fasciitis, all of which increase the risk of sepsis.…”

Section: Healthcare-associated Mrsa (Ha-mrsa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Prevalence, Classification and Drug Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Hou¹,

Liu²,

Wei³

et al. 2023

IDR

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Staphylococcus aureus is a common human pathogen with a variety of virulence factors, which can cause multiple infectious diseases. In recent decades, due to the constant evolution and the abuse of antibiotics, Staphylococcus aureus was becoming more resistant, the infection rate of MRSA remained high, and clinical treatment of MRSA became more difficult. The genetic diversity of MRSA was mainly represented by the continuous emergence of epidemic strains, resulting in the constant changes of epidemic clones. Different classes of MRSA resulted in different epidemics and resistance characteristics, which could affect the clinical symptoms and treatments. MRSA had also spread from traditional hospitals to community and livestock environments, and the new clones established a relationship between animals and humans, promoting further evolution of MRSA. Since the resistance mechanism of MRSA is very complex, it is important to clarify these resistance mechanisms at the molecular level for the treatment of infectious diseases. We firstly described the diversity of SCC mec elements, and discussed the types of SCC mec , its drug resistance mechanisms and expression regulations. Then, we described how the vanA operon makes Staphylococcus aureus resistant to vancomycin and its expression regulation. Finally, a brief introduction was given to the drug resistance mechanisms of biofilms and efflux pump systems. Analyzing the resistance mechanism of MRSA can help study new anti-infective drugs and alleviate the evolution of MRSA. At the end of the review, we summarized the treatment strategies for MRSA infection, including antibiotics, anti-biofilm agents and efflux pump inhibitors. To sum up, here we reviewed the epidemic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus , summarized its classifications, drug resistance mechanisms of MRSA (SCC mec element, vanA operon, biofilm and active efflux pump system) and novel therapy strategies, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of MRSA infection.

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“…MRSA stains carrying the PVL gene can produce PVL toxin, which could cause host cell lysis, thus leading to clinical symptoms, even life-threatening symptoms (41). Early research suggests that the PVL gene exists only in CA-MRSA strains (42), but recent studies have found that nosocomial MRSA strains can also carry the gene (43). Our study suggests that carrying the PVL gene does not affect the prognosis of patients with MRSA bloodstream infections, and a study with a larger sample size is needed to verify this conclusion.…”

Section: Heterogeneous Vancomycin-intermediate S Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of mortality in adult patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection: a meta-analysis and systematic review

Ju¹,

Huang²,

Xu³

et al. 2021

Ann Palliat Med

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Background: Cases of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infection have been increasing. Patients with MRSA bloodstream infection have a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Identification of potential risk factors associated with MRSA bloodstream infection-related mortality may help improve patient outcomes. Methods: Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify articles describing predictors of mortality in patients with MRSA bloodstream infections. Two investigators independently assessed articles for inclusion and data extraction.Results: Twenty observational studies were included in the analysis. Factors associated with higher mortality were development of severe sepsis or septic shock [

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Prevalence and association of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin gene with the risk of sepsis in patients infected with Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Genomic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by High-Throughput Sequencing in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Genomic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by High-Throughput Sequencing in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Progress in the Prevalence, Classification and Drug Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Predictors of mortality in adult patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection: a meta-analysis and systematic review

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