Prevalence and associated factors of diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients in Hanoi, Vietnam

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized as an important comorbidity for the development of tuberculosis (TB). With the increase of DM burden globally, concerns have been raised about the emerging co-epidemics of DM and TB, especially in low- and middle-income countries.MethodsA facility-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in all 30 district TB units in Hanoi, Vietnam. All eligible, diagnosed TB patients aged 15 years old or older were asked to provide consent and were screened for diabetes using fasting blood glucose (FBG). Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires were used for collecting demographic data, lifestyle habits and clinical data. Identification of pre-diabetes or diabetes in TB patients was done in accordance to parameters set by the American Diabetes Association (2016).ResultsOf 870 eligible TB patients, 831 (95.5%) participated in the study. Of those, 241 (29%; 95%CI: 25.9–32.1%) were prediabetic and 114 (13.7%; 95%CI: 11.4–16.1%) were found to have DM. The risk of DM was higher in patients belonging to the age group 40–64 years (OR 6.09; 95%CI 2.81–13.2); or the age group 65 years or older (OR 2.65; 95%CI 1.65–4.25) or who have a family history of DM (OR 2.71; 95%CI 1.33–5.50).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated high prevalence of DM and prediabetes among TB patients in Hanoi, Vietnam. National Tuberculosis Programme needs to establish a systematic screening process for DM among TB patients.

A pilot study to find the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and individuals on anti-tuberculosis treatment

“…A South Indian study on tribal had observed a lower prevalence of DM compared to the present study [23]. Recent study from Vietnam reported 29% of prediabetic and 13.7% diabetics among the PT individuals and the authors also reported 8.8% rise in prevalence of TB among DM compared to their previous report [24]. The associated risk factors for TB DM comorbidity including sex, age, family history of DM, PT and positive sputum smear were found in many other studies.…”

Risk factors for poor treatment outcomes of 2,266 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases in Ho Chi Minh City: a retrospective study

“…Hanoi, Vietnam (22) and was almost 6 times higher than among the general Vietnamese population in 2013 (5.4%) (23). Although DM is a known risk factor for poor treatment outcome in TB, for developing MDR-TB and for reducing sputum conversion rate during MDR-TB treatment (24) (25) (26), it remains controversial whether DM also leads to poor treatment outcome of MDR-TB (24) (27) (28).…”

Pulmonary Tuberculosis Characteristics in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…DM causes a threefold higher risk of developing active TB [5,6], with a rapidly increasing prevalence in developing countries, regions where the incidence of TB is also increased. DM-TB comorbidity is more common in men, elderly persons, married [4, [7][8][9][10][11]. These patients are usually smokers, alcohol consumers, sedentary persons, who live in an urban environment, in crowded areas and in insanitary conditions [11][12][13][14].…”

“…They have a reduced level of education, a reduced economic status and no stable job [13]. They present a family history of TB, have an increased body mass index, a family history of DM and also a long duration of DM and reduced glycemic control [7,11,15]. In patients with DM, TB is usually asymptomatic, multidrug resistant and present an increased risk of therapy failure, relapse after the end of the anti TB therapy and death [16].…”