Pretreatment of forage legumes under moderate salinity with exogenous salicylic acid or spermidine

Abstract

The present study aims to determine whether exogenous salicylic acid (SA) or spermidine (Spd) has any protective effect against salt stress. Seeds were subjected to 0, 20, 40, and 60 mM NaCl with or without salicylic acid or spermidine (0.5 mM) for 10 days. The evaluated variables were germination rate, shoot and root dry masses, glycine betaine content, lipid peroxidation, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The data were subjected to Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). There was a growth increase, especially in plant shoots. The reduction in lipid peroxidation, as indicated by lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, can be explained by an increase in antioxidant activity when SA and Spd were added. When compared to CAT and APX, SOD was the least responsive enzyme to the addition of both SA and Spd in salt-stressed plants. SA and Spd partially reduced the effects of moderate salt stress in both plant species; however, Spd addition had better results than SA in terms of suppressing oxidative stress. Lablab plants were more vigorous than pigeonpea plants.

Attenuation of salt stress on the physiology and production of bell peppers by treatment with salicylic acid

“…After this concentration, E decreased, reaching its minimum value in the plants under the SA concentration of 3.6 mM (2.447 mol H 2 O m -2 s -1 ). Adequate concentrations of SA improve the physiological performance of 'All Big' bell pepper, as this compound acts by activating the antioxidant system, reducing oxidative stress and causing the leaching of ions from membranes (Pizolato et al, 2020). In a study investigating the effect of SA application on pepper plants under salinity, Kaya, Ashraf, Alyemeni and Ahmad (2020) concluded that SA is capable of reversing the negative effects of salinity on the plants, because the disturbances caused to the physiological activities in plants under salt stress can be reversed by the external supply of adequate concentrations of SA, which is able to prevent the destructive effect of ROS.…”

“…Several strategies, including physicochemical treatment methods, have been applied to increase the tolerance of plants to salinity, e.g., exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA) (Karlidag, Yildirim, & Turan, 2009;Nazar, Umar, Khan, & Sareer, 2015;Farhadi & Ghassemi-Golezani, 2020;Pizolato et al, 2020).…”

Polyamines mitigate the harmful effects of salt stress on the growth and gas exchange of nasturtium

“…Leaf area (LA) had a greater relationship with the no-stress control, leaf area ratio (LAR) had a greater relation with Spd and Spm in moderate salt stress, and specific leaf area (SLA) had a greater relation with Put and moderate salt stress (Figure 6). The decrease in cell growth processes is caused by dehydration that resulted from the osmotic effect of salts that accumulated in the root area and the toxic effect of Na + and Cl − , which accumulated in plant tissues and impaired physiological processes and cell membrane integrity (Pizolato Neto et al, 2020). Plants under stress that are treated with Spd and Spm have increased dry mass compared with tomatoes grown without treatment (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)…”