Pretoria Calibration Curve for Short-Lived Samples, 1930–3350 BC

Abstract

The high-precision radiocarbon calibration curve for short-lived samples (1–4 yr) of the early historical period (3rd millennium BC) presented previously (Vogel et al. 1986) has been further substantiated and extended to link with a similar curve produced by de Jong for part of the 4th millennium BC (de Jong & Mook 1980). The precise dendrochronological age of the sample set measured by de Jong has finally been fixed (de Jong, Mook & Becker 1989), so that the two sets now cover the period 1930–3900 BC, i.e., the Early Bronze Age and Late Chalcolithic periods of the Middle East. The standard calibration curve for the two sets is presented by Vogel and van der Plicht (1993).

Archaeology and holocene sand dune stratigraphy on Chatham Island

“…Southern hemisphere terrestrial calibrations are based on a compilation of 20 year tree ring data by Stuiver and Reimer (1993) with an offset of 40 radiocarbon years as recommended by Vogel, Fuls and Visser (1993). New Zealand marine calibrations are based on the carbon cycle model calibration curve of Stuiver and Braziunas (1993), with geographic offset delta-R set to -30 ± 15 as recommended by McFadgen and Manning (1990).…”

Investigating the Interhemispheric 14C Offset in the 1st Millennium AD and Assessment of Laboratory Bias and Calibration Errors

“…This approach was necessarily confined to relatively young samples because of a lack of older dendrochronologically robust Southern Hemisphere data sets. Lerman et al 1970 Northern Patagonia/Europe-North America ∼AD 1835 36 ± 8 Vogel et al 1986 South Africa/Netherlands AD 1840-1890 36 ± 7 Vogel et al 1993 South Some studies wiggle-matched older floating Southern Hemisphere tree-ring data sets against Northern Hemisphere curves, and did not find an interhemispheric offset (e.g. Barbetti et al 1992Barbetti et al , 1995Sparks et al 1995).…”

AMS Radiocarbon Dates from Three Shellmounds in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA

“…To this end, AMS 14 C data were collected to further elucidate the timing of shellmound residence during the Late Period (AD 900-1800) and, especially, into historic times. Comment: This sample produced a conventional 14 C age of 1020 ± 40 BP, or cal AD 1480-1680 (2 ) (470-270 cal BP; 2- calibration following Vogel et al [1993]). To calibrate all marine shellfish samples, a carbon reservoir, R, value of 300 ± 35 for San Pablo Bay was applied and calculated by averaging known R values for the San Pablo Bay (Ingram and Southon 1996).…”

“…Both samples collected from "Feature 1" imply that this feature is Late Period Phase 1 (AD 900-1500) and Late Period Phase 2 (AD 1500-1800) in age. Comment: This sample produced a conventional 14 C age of 870 ± 40 BP, or cal AD 1650-1880 (2 ) (300-70 cal BP; 2- calibration following Vogel et al [1993]). The sample was calibrated using a carbon reservoir, R, value of 300 ± 35 for San Pablo Bay.…”