Presuppositions as discourse strategies in court examinations

Jian, Li; Sun, Yuxiu

doi:10.1515/ijld-2018-2008

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Whereas, the studies of Oktoma and Mardiyono, ( 2015) Khairani ( 2019) Li and Sun (2018) and Mazid,(2007) and Tu,( 2022) are discourse analysis studies. Oktoma and Mardiyono studied presuppositions in the short stories of Silvester Goridus Sukur based on Yule"s model.…”

Section: Linguistic and Discourse Studies On Presuppositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Presuppositions in the Victory Speech of President Joe Biden

Lathar¹,

Shet²,

J³

et al. 2023

WJEL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

"Pragmatics is the study of the meaning of a speaker's utterance," according to Yule (1996:3).At the same time it’s the hearer, who deduces the meaning of the utterance from the context of what the speaker wants to convey. Speakers generally make indirect assumptions about the true picture of the situation in everyday status quo, and the meaning or comprehension of what is stated may be altered by the speaker's preconceptions (Haji, and Mohammed, 2019). On this note the notion of presupposition arises. Presupposition is defined as the speaker's implicit but communicated assumption. (Levinson, 1983) As a corollary, the intent of this present descriptive qualitative study is to investigate many types of presuppositions, their triggers and their relevance in Joe Biden's Victory Speech. Additionally, this discourse analysis research investigates what types of presuppositions, and their triggers are used by Biden, as well as it explores in depth the most prominent type of presupposition in the chosen speech. Yule's theory of presupposition classifies presupposition into six categories: existential presupposition, factual presupposition, lexical presupposition, structural presupposition, non-factual presupposition, and counterfactual presupposition. The study's data is comprised of statements that involve presupposition triggers. Levinson's list of lexical and syntactic triggers is adapted to identify presuppositions.The analysis of Biden’s speech has shown that the president heavily depends on lexical level triggers that have ranked first scoring eight hundred ninety-four occurrences, this means that this level triggers have effect on the speech. The topmost sub category trigger is Noun clauses that are the most prominent one with 683 occurrences. There were one hundred and eleven syntactic level triggers amongst which thirty-four of them are temporal clauses. It was also determined that, like every other speech, Biden's speech is laden with existential presupposition type (82.28%) and every other type of presuppositions has been identified in the president’s speech. The finding of a large number of triggers in this work would aid both linguistic and pedagogical domains.

show abstract

Section: Linguistic and Discourse Studies On Presuppositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Presuppositions in the Victory Speech of President Joe Biden

Lathar¹,

Shet²,

J³

et al. 2023

WJEL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…And discourses analysis based on presupposition has also gained great attention (Hickey, 1993;Anderson, 2009;Edward, 2013;Li & Sun, 2018;Su, 2014;Li, 2017). In legal discourse, many scholars have done research on courtroom discourse from the perspective of presupposition (Zhang, 2007;Dong & Wang, 2008;Li, 2008;Tang & Yang, 2010;Edward, 2013;Jiang,2014;Xi, 2019).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presupposition as one of language tactics, which should merit considerable attentions. Since Philosopher Frege put forward the problem of presupposition in his work On Sense and Reference in 1982, presupposition has been investigated by researchers from different perspectives, such as TV show (Su, 2014), detective novels (Cao, 2013), advertising text (Zeng, 2012), public speech (Li, 2017) and legal discourse( (Li & Sun, 2018) However, in terms of legal discourse, most studies of presupposition concentrated on courtroom discourse( (Li & Sun, 2018;Gong, 2015;Jiang, 2013;Chen, 2008;Tang & Yang, 2010), while few focused on police interrogation (Gaines, 2018). Therefore, this paper intends to explore the application of presupposition to police interrogation in Jodi Arias case, a well-known case in America, due to the cruel murder means used by Jodi Arias to kill her ex-boyfriend, Mr. Alexander.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Police Interrogation from the Perspective of Presupposition: A Case Study of Jodi Arias Case

Liang

2020

IJLLT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nowadays, as crimes have become increasingly complicated, it is difficult for interrogators to find out all the criminal facts before interrogation, so that interrogation becomes a significant process to clear up some facts and prove whether the interrogated is guilty or not. However, some criminals always conceal the criminal facts and resist interrogation. This difficulty decides that interrogators need some interrogatory skills to elicit some criminal facts from the suspect. Presupposition is one of the interrogatory skills frequently used by interrogators so that it is very necessary to study interrogatory language from the perspective of presupposition. However, the literature review indicates that few research studies police interrogation from the perspective of presupposition. Therefore, this paper is to apply presupposition theory classified by Yule (2000) to analyze interrogatory language in Jodi Arias case. Specifically, it is to analyze how interrogators make use of presuppositions to elicit more information and explore the functions of presuppositions in investigatory interrogation. In order to address the problem, this paper employs both quantitative and qualitative method to analyze police interrogation in Jodi Arias case. The results show that there are five types of presuppositions identified in the selected data, that is, existential presupposition, factive presupposition, lexical presupposition, structural presupposition, counter-factual presupposition, and their frequency varies from each other. Secondly, presupposition enables the interrogatory language to be more concise and euphemistic and presupposition help the interrogators increase the pervasive effect and presupposition can help set a trap for the suspect to admit his or her guilt. This study will enlarge the application scope of presupposition and even linguistics and help interrogator employ presupposition into interrogation and improve their interrogation skills.

show abstract

“…, [11]. Menurut Li dan Sun (2018), praanggapan membuat sebuah bukti lebih berterima, saksi lebih kredibel, narasi keterangan lebih koheren, dan terpercaya [9].…”

unclassified

Evaluasi Rekaman Video Pengakuan Dugaan Kasus Kekerasan Seksual Mahasiswi Universitas Riau: Sebuah Analisis Linguistik Forensik

Vidhiasi,

Saifullah,

Bachari

2023

IJLFS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melakukan analisis terhadap rekaman video seorang mahasiswi yang mengaku mendapatkan kekerasan seksual yang dilakukan oleh seorang dosen di Universitas Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang fokus pada kata maupun frasa yang digunakan dalam tuturan mahasiswi tersebut. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teori praanggapan milik Yule yang kemudian dibantu dengan teori Appraisal System milik Martin dan White. Rekaman video yang diunduh melalui lama YouTube, ditranskripsikan, kemudian dianalisis untuk melihat keenam jenis praanggapan yang dikemukakan oleh Yule, yaitu praanggapan eksistensial, faktual, leksikal, struktural, nonfaktual, dan kontrafaktual. Analisis praanggapan tersebut dalam kacamata linguistik forensik kemudian didapatkan hasil bahwa SH memang melanggar Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 30 tahun 2021 tentang Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan Seksual di Lingkungan Perguruan Tinggi dan Bab XIV KUHP tentang Kejahatan terhadap Kesusilaan khususnya Pasal 289. Peneliti juga menemukan bahwa korban menggunakan sistem graduation (force-intensification) untuk menunjukkan kejadian yang dialami oleh korban. Dengan sistem ini, korban juga mengajak setiap orang yang melihat video tersebut untuk mengetahui terlebih dahulu bahwa memang ada peristiwa kekerasan seksual yang dialami oleh korban.

show abstract

Presuppositions as discourse strategies in court examinations

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

An Analysis of Presuppositions in the Victory Speech of President Joe Biden

An Analysis of Presuppositions in the Victory Speech of President Joe Biden

An Analysis of Police Interrogation from the Perspective of Presupposition: A Case Study of Jodi Arias Case

Evaluasi Rekaman Video Pengakuan Dugaan Kasus Kekerasan Seksual Mahasiswi Universitas Riau: Sebuah Analisis Linguistik Forensik

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About