Pressurized liquid extraction of active ingredients (ginsenosides) from medicinal plants using non-ionic surfactant solutions

Abstract

The feasibility of employing aqueous non-ionic surfactant solutions as an alternative solvent system in pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) is demonstrated for the first time using the roots of American ginseng as model solid samples. When compared to the use of pure water or methanol, the presence of a common non-ionic surfactant (Triton X-100) in water at a concentration above its critical micelle concentration was shown to enhance the amount of pharmacologically active ingredients (ginsenosides) extracted from ginseng roots. The advantages of using aqueous non-surfactant solutions were also demonstrated by comparing extraction performances between ultrasonic-assisted extraction and PLE methods. Furthermore, the combination of PLE and cloud point extraction was shown to be a new and effective approach for the rapid sample preconcentration of herbal materials prior to analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography. 

Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Milled Grape Canes (Vitis vinifera) Using a Pressurized Low-Polarity Water Extractor

“…Organic solvents such as ethanol, ethyl acetate, and acetone are commonly used for the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials using conventional solid-liquid extraction processes (Merken and Beecher 2000). The disadvantages of conventional solvent extraction processes such as long extraction time, labor intensive procedures, and toxic waste generation have been discussed by Choi et al (2003). Environmental concerns have prompted industry to reduce organic solvent consumption and there is increasing public sensitivity to food security, safety, and quality issues.…”

Application of surfactants and microemulsions to the extraction of pyrene and phenanthrene from soil with three different extraction methods

“…Recently, studies have demonstrated the use of micellar media as an alternative to organic solvent for extracting organic pollutants from solid environmental samples [21][22][23][24]. Moreover, Huie [25,26] and Ong [27,28] proved that the surfactant solutions in ASE can effectively extract the active ingredients in medicinal plants, and avoid the degradation of thermally unstable ingredients at high temperature. To the best of our knowledge, the reports on the use of environmental friendly surfactant solutions in ASE of PAHs from soil are rather limited.…”

Pressurized fluid extraction of carotenoids from Haematococcus pluvialis and Dunaliella salina and kavalactones from Piper methysticum

“…Since PFE uses less solvent in a shorter period of time, is automated, and involves retaining the sample in an oxygen and light-free environment, it has the potential to be a powerful tool in the nutraceutical industry. Recent applications have demonstrated the advantage of PFE for the extraction of natural products from plant materials [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Other biological applications include the extraction of fatty acids from plant and animal matrices [10] and the determination of zearalenone mycotoxin in corn * Correspondence author.…”