Pressurized liquid extraction in determination of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in fish samples

Suchan, Petr; Pulkrabová, Jana; Hajšlová, Jana; Kocourek, Vladimı́r

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2004.02.061

Cited by 111 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The mathematical expression of the relationship between T. peruviana seed oil and the variables considered is given in Eq. (9). The significance of regression was evaluated by the F value and the p values using Fischer's and null-hypothesis tests; where the F value predicts the quality of the entire model considering all design factors at a time, whereas the p value denotes the probability of the factors having very little or insignificant effect on the response.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior to the transesterification, oils were usually extracted from oil seeds through various methods such as mechanical [6][7][8], pressurized solvent extraction [9], soxhlet extraction [10], ultrasonic extraction [11,12], aqueous enzymatic oil extraction (AEOE) [13,14], stirring and shaking extraction [15] to mention a few. These methods have been reported to be used for the extraction of vegetable oils and other plant essential components, each with intrinsic advantages and shortcomings [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Brette Pearl Spar Mable (BPSM): a potential recoverable catalyst as a renewable source of biodiesel from Thevetia peruviana seed oil for the benefit of sustainable development in West Africa

et al. 2018

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Background The energy requirements are globally on a rapid escalation, as technology advances, which is also true for a developing country like Nigeria, which is dependent on fossil fuels and its derivatives. Apart from its adverse effect on its economy, it has also negative impacts on the health and the environment, in general. However, investments in renewable energy are faced by the competitive oil prices, the very high investment cost for renewable energy, and high local electricity prices. This paper appraises the attractiveness of investing in renewable energy sources over the continued use of non-edible oil for electricity generation. Methods This paper explores the application of biomass seed oil to produce a renewable fuel (biodiesel) using heterogeneous base catalyst. Meanwhile, two-step processes were employed to produce the biofuel. In the first step (esterification), the acid value of the oil was reduced to the recommended limit (FFA ≤ 1.5) using H2SO4, while in the second step (transesterification), the catalyst calcination of grounded Brette Pearl Spar Mable (BPSM) pre-soaked in methanol was used as a biobase for biodiesel production. For the optimization, minitab response surface (MRS) and artificial neural network (ANN) were employed to model and optimize the process variables responsible for the optimum production of the oil and the biodiesel. Results The result presented showed that T. peruviana seed was found to be rich in oil with an average yield of 44.00% (w/w), and the oil was highly unsaturated with a high FFA. The maximum experimental biodiesel yield obtained was 86.00% at a catalyst amount of 4 g, a reaction time of 70 min, and a methanol/oil ratio of 0.1(v/v). This result was validated in triplicate under the same conditions, which yielded 85.70% (v/v) for MRS and 85.98% (v/v) for ANN. Furthermore, the optimization results also indicated that the p values (p < 0.05) of the model terms were significant, and the accuracy of the models achieved by MRS and ANN based on R2 depict that both optimization tools gave good predictions of R2 (MRS: R2 = 99.98% and ANN: R2 = 99.97%). The properties of the biodiesel, as described in other earlier reports using the same feedstock with different catalysts, indicated that the produced biodiesel had properties which agreed to those reported in the literature. Conclusions T. peruviana seed has proved to be a good biomass raw material for oil production, and its conversion to biofuel using a heterogeneous biobase catalyst showed its suitability as a renewable environmental friendly fuel. Government should invest in more sustainable sources of energy by imposing law for the use of non-edible oil or decreasing the price of electricity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brette Pearl Spar Mable (BPSM): a potential recoverable catalyst as a renewable source of biodiesel from Thevetia peruviana seed oil for the benefit of sustainable development in West Africa

et al. 2018

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“…The nondioxin-like (ndl) PCBs group includes the remaining congeners (US EPA, 2003). These compounds have been demonstrated to cause toxic effects on human being and animal reproduction, development and immunological function, endocrine and nervous systems as well as carcinogenetic/mutagenic potential (Suchan et al, 2004;Langer et al, 2003;Lee et al, 2006;Ha et al, 2007). Although banned in most industrial countries for several decades, PCBs are still widely spread in the marine and terrestrial biota and biomagnify throughout food chain (Covaci et al, 2002;Letcher et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAHs and PCBs accumulated by SPMD-based virtual organisms and feral fish in Three Gorges Reservoir, China

Wang

Henkelmann

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Moreover, a large amount of co-extracted lipids is present in their extracts. Therefore, a variety of different ways to clean up the extracts have been reported in previous literatures, including both destructive 6,7 and nondestructive methods, 8,9 and destructive methods can degrade certain OCPs, while non-destructive methods generally require multiple operation steps, rendering them too time-, solventand labor-consuming. Therefore, there is still a need to develop a simple, effective, automatic extraction and clean up procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion‐Accelerated Solvent Extraction for Determination of OCP Residues in Fish Muscles

Shen

Yuan

Zhang

et al. 2011

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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A rapid, sensitive and accurate matrix solid phase dispersion-accelerated solvent extraction (MSPD-ASE) method for selective determination of sixteen organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues in fish samples has been developed and validated. 2 g fresh fish muscle was dispersed with 10 g anhydrous sodium sulfate and 2 g acid alumina thoroughly, and loaded into the stainless-steel extraction cell containing 6 g of acid alumina and 10 g anhydrous sodium sulfate. The temperature 60°C and two extraction cycles of 5 min gave adequate extraction efficiency using DCM-hexane (3:7, v/v) mixture as solvent. Not only the lipids, but also other co-extracts, which peaks mostly located in the forepart of chromatograms and maybe interfere the identification or quantitation of analytes, were eliminated exhaustively, while analytes were extracted selectively. Sixteen OCPs were identified by retention time of standards and quantified using mirex as internal standards. These detected OCPs were confirmed by GC-MS in real samples. The performance of proposed method was evaluated and validated: the detection limits were 0.008-0.05 ng g -1 , relative standard deviations were 1.9-5.0%, and recoveries were 91.0-104.1% spiked at 10 ng g -1 level. The accuracy and precision of proposed method were equal to or better than that of traditional Soxhlet extraction method.

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Pressurized liquid extraction in determination of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in fish samples

Cited by 111 publications

References 24 publications

Brette Pearl Spar Mable (BPSM): a potential recoverable catalyst as a renewable source of biodiesel from Thevetia peruviana seed oil for the benefit of sustainable development in West Africa

Brette Pearl Spar Mable (BPSM): a potential recoverable catalyst as a renewable source of biodiesel from Thevetia peruviana seed oil for the benefit of sustainable development in West Africa

PAHs and PCBs accumulated by SPMD-based virtual organisms and feral fish in Three Gorges Reservoir, China

Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion‐Accelerated Solvent Extraction for Determination of OCP Residues in Fish Muscles

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