Pressure Monitoring Cell for Constrained Battery Electrodes

Abstract

Testing of improved battery components and new electrochemical energy storage materials in a coin cell format as a test cell is becoming the state of the art. The pressure on the electrode surfaces inside an electrochemical cell is one of the important parameters for high ionic/electronic conductivity and the cyclic lifetime. A self-designed pressure monitoring cell allows both applying an adjustable pressure and monitoring the state of charge-dependent cell pressure during cycling. The load cell shows a reciprocal behavior of the temperature sensitivity dependent on the ambient temperature and requires constant temperature conditions while monitoring the cell pressure. Further, dependent on the initial cell pressure, the relaxation time of the assembled pressure monitoring cell must be considered. The present paper describes the setup, the influence of the environment temperature and the mechanical relaxation of the pressure monitoring cell. The first cycling results, using an NCM/graphite coin cell, demonstrate the functionality of the pressure monitoring cell measuring the cell’s pressure as a function of the C-rate.

Operando Characterization Techniques for All‐Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…In conventional LIBs, the liquid electrolyte can accommodate for volume/morphological changes of the electrode materials. [ 47–50 ] However, in SSBs, where the inorganic SE materials present high mechanical rigidity, severe changes in volume can cause contact loss and particle fracture, thus contributing to capacity fading. [ 51–57 ] These issues can be more strongly pronounced if Ni‐rich layered lithium metal oxide CAMs are used, as they undergo large relative volume changes (Δ V / V > 5%).…”

Integrated sensor printed on the separator enabling the detection of dissolved manganese ions in battery cell

“…Among the most significant advances so far achieved in monitoring battery cells is the determination of the temperature at the surface and within the cell [3,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Another type of battery diagnostic involves the determination of strain and pressure changes by gauge sensors [18][19][20]. Other possible solutions are represented by families of nano-plasmonic sensors [21], acoustic sensors [22], and electrochemical sensors.…”

Pressure-Dependent Electrochemical Behavior of Di-Lithium Rhodizonate Cathodes

“…While this has not been interrogated specifically for Li 2 C 6 O 6 , recent experimental work on the high-pressure behavior of Na 2 C 6 O 6 demonstrated changes in both the crystal structure and electrical conductivity as a function of applied pressure in a diamond anvil cell . Additionally, computational investigations of other cyclic oxocarbons (including deltic, squaric, and croconic acids) have suggested that these materials display interesting mechanical properties at elevated pressures including pressure-dependent phase transitions and negative Poisson’s ratios. − Likewise, numerous other works have demonstrated the beneficial impact of high pressures on the electrochemical reversibility and long-term stability of electrode stacks during battery cycling. − Thus, the pressure-dependent electrochemical characteristics of oxocarbon materials may be very important in developing strategies to improve their stability and longevity.…”