Pressure Groups, Politics and Democracy in Britain

La notion de « biens publics » au secours de la Politique Agricole Commune ?

“…43 Alors que le National Farmers Union (NFU, porte-parole unique des agriculteurs anglais) représentait jusque dans les années 1980 l'une des plus illustres formes de corporatisme sectoriel au Royaume-Uni (Grant, 1995), celui-ci a progressivement été marginalisé dans les arènes politiques anglaises (Ansaloni, 2009 (Ward et Lowe, 2007). Alors que le NFU était historiquement épaulé par le puissant groupe des propriétaires fonciers, ces derniers se sont également rapprochés des intérêts environnementalistes lors des débats sur la PAC post-2013, comme en témoigne la publication de leurs propositions communes pour la future PAC (Birdlife/ELO, 2010).…”

Strategic Management of Public Interest Organizations

“…In turn, these reasons can follow two ordering principles. The first ordering principle is based on exchange (Berry, 1977;Grant, 1995;Van Waarden, 1992). Individuals are willing to support a PIO in exchange for a certain return or utility.…”

“…This logic refers to the ordering principle of government, which predominantly is based on hierarchy (Grant, 1995;Streeck and Schmitter, 1985;Van Waarden, 1992). The promotion of interests is then characterized by formal championing, aimed at influencing legislation.…”

“…This is the dilemma between representation and control. It refers to the problem of how a PIO has to be organized to promote and protect the interests it stands for (Grant, 1995;Knoke, 1990;Streeck and Schmitter, 1985;Van Waarden, 1992). For both sides of the primary dilemma, there is a choice between a bottom-up and a top-down approach.…”

“…However, PIOs can experience a real crisis when they are confronted with changes to the interests they are supposed to protect (Selsky, 1998). Besides, both attention to strategy and organizational structure have been identified as being essential for the viability of a PIO (Grant, 1995;Young et al, 1999). In this paper the protection and promotion of interests on their own are seen as an insufficient base for the successful strategic management of PIOs.…”