Present status of paraneuron concept.

Fujita, Tsuneo

doi:10.1679/aohc.52.suppl_1

Cited by 55 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The purpose of the migration of melanosomes into glomus cells is unclear. On the other hand, both the glomus cells and the melanocytes/melanophores are classified as paraneurons (FuJITA, 1989), and these two cell types are of neural crest origin (DROCHMANS, 1963;PEARSE et al, 1973). This identical origin may facilitate the transfer of melanosomes from melamophores into the glomus cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of melanosomes in the newt glomus cell.

Kusakabe

1991

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of melanosomes in the newt glomus cell.

Kusakabe

1991

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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“…Future studies may reveal whether VAChT cells are innervated, as are NECs, and whether they have a neural or paracrine role in the gill. Closer examination of these cells may also determine whether they should be considered 'paraneurons', which share structural and functional properties of neurons (Fujita, 1989;Zaccone et al, 1997), as do O 2 -sensitive NECs.…”

Section: Vacht-positive Cells Are a Separate Population Of Neurosecrementioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonergic and cholinergic elements of the hypoxic ventilatory response in developing zebrafish

Shakarchi

Zachar

Jonz

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYThe chemosensory roles of gill neuroepithelial cells (NECs) in mediating the hyperventilatory response to hypoxia are not clearly defined in fish. While serotonin (5-HT) is the predominant neurotransmitter in O 2 -sensitive gill NECs, acetylcholine (ACh) plays a more prominent role in O 2 sensing in terrestrial vertebrates. The present study characterized the developmental chronology of potential serotonergic and cholinergic chemosensory pathways of the gill in the model vertebrate, the zebrafish (Danio rerio). In immunolabelled whole gills from larvae, serotonergic NECs were observed in epithelia of the gill filaments and gill arches, while non-serotonergic NECs were found primarily in the gill arches. Acclimation of developing zebrafish to hypoxia (P O2 =75mmHg) reduced the number of serotonergic NECs observed at 7days post-fertilization (d.p.f.), and this effect was absent at 10d.p.f. In vivo administration of 5-HT mimicked hypoxia by increasing ventilation frequency (f V ) in early stage (7-10d.p.f.) and late stage larvae (14-21d.p.f.), while ACh increased f V only in late stage larvae. In time course experiments, application of ketanserin inhibited the hyperventilatory response to acute hypoxia (P O2 =25mmHg) at 10d.p.f., while hexamethonium did not have this effect until 12d.p.f. Cells immunoreactive for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) began to appear in the gill filaments by 14d.p.f. Characterization in adult gills revealed that VAChT-positive cells were a separate population of neurosecretory cells of the gill filaments. These studies suggest that serotonergic and cholinergic pathways in the zebrafish gill develop at different times and contribute to the hyperventilatory response to hypoxia. Supplementary material available online at

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“…sensory nerves travelling towards the central nervous system or arteries carrying deoxygenated blood toward the respiratory lamellae of the gill) Bipolar neurons neurons having two axons or branches eFA efferent filament artery of the gill Efferent travelling away from (e.g. motor nerves travelling away from the central nervous system or arteries carrying oxygenated blood away from the respiratory lamellae of the gill) Extrinisic innervation nerve fibres of the gill filaments or lamellae having parent cell bodies outside of the gill Filaments primary structures of the gill, branching from the supportive gill arches and giving rise to secondary lamellae Intrinsic innervation nerve fibres of the gill filaments having parent cell bodies also within the gill filaments Lamellae secondary structures of the gill, branching from the filaments MRC mitochondria-rich cell Multipolar neurons neurons having more than two axons or branches NEC neuroepithelial cell Nerve plexus an interlaced network of nerve fibres Paraneurons cells having characteristics similar to that of a neuron, such as retention of neurochemicals and secretory vesicles (see Fujita, 1989) PBC pseudobranch cell Post-trematic ramus a branch of a cranial nerve that is posterior to the gill slit Pre-trematic ramus a branch of a cranial nerve that is anterior to the gill slit Varicosities small 'swellings' along a nerve fibre that may indicate regions of synaptic contact with other structures or cells…”

Section: List Of Abbreviations and Glossarymentioning

confidence: 99%

New developments on gill innervation: insights from a model vertebrate

Jonz

Nurse

2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SummaryThe fish gill is a highly specialized and complex organ that performs a variety of important physiological functions. In this article, we briefly review the innervation of important structures of the branchial region, such as the gill filaments, respiratory lamellae and pseudobranch, and discuss the physiological significance of this innervation within the context of homeostatic functions of the gill, such as oxygen sensing and ion regulation. Studies in zebrafish utilizing techniques of confocal microscopy and immunolabelling, with specific antibodies against neuronal markers, have recently led to the characterization of innervation patterns in the gills not attained with traditional techniques of histochemistry and electron microscopy. We will discuss the association of putative sensory nerve fibres with O 2 -chemoreceptive neuroepithelial cells and the implications of dual sensory pathways for cardiorespiratory and vascular control. In addition, the idea of the neural control of ion regulation in the gill based on the apparent innervation of mitochondria-rich cells, and the role of innervation in the pseudobranch, will be presented.

show abstract

Present status of paraneuron concept.

Cited by 55 publications

References 42 publications

The occurrence of melanosomes in the newt glomus cell.

The occurrence of melanosomes in the newt glomus cell.

Serotonergic and cholinergic elements of the hypoxic ventilatory response in developing zebrafish

New developments on gill innervation: insights from a model vertebrate

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