Presencia de anticuerpos frente a algunos patógenos de interés zoonótico en cuatro granjas porcícolas de Cundinamarca, Colombia

Abstract

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la presencia de anticuerpos frente a patógenos de cerdos que representan riesgo en salud pública por su potencial zoonótico (Salmonella spp, Leptospira interrogans, Yersinia spp, Trichinella spp y Toxoplasma gondii) en sueros porcinos obtenidos en cuatro granjas porcícolas semi-tecnificadas de Cundinamarca, Colombia. Se colectaron 89 muestras de sangre y se analizaron utilizando los estuches de ELISA para diagnóstico Pigtype®-Salmonella Ab, Pigtype®–Yopscreen, Pigtype®–Toxoplasma Ab y Pigtype®–Trichinella (QuiaGen®). La detección de anticuerpos frente a Leptospira spp se realizó mediante la prueba de microaglutinación lisis (MAT). La presencia de anticuerpos frente a Salmonella spp se observó en el 40% de las muestras, mientras que para Yersinia spp y Toxoplasma gondii fue de 18% y 1.1% respectivamente. Todas las granjas fueron positivas a por lo menos uno de los 13 serovares de Leptospira interrogans y ninguna de las muestras fue positiva para Trichinella spp. Se concluye que los cerdos en el estudio han tenido contacto en algún momento de su ciclo productivo con la mayoría de los patógenos zoonóticos evaluados, lo que puede representar un riesgo para la salud pública y la producción porcícola.

Salmonella spp. prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factor determination in Colombian swine farms

“…With regards to general seroprevalence determined in the present work (38.1%) it was different from that reported in Mexico, Italy, USA and Spain, where lower seroprevalences were determined (28.7%, 19.3%, 5% and 4%, respectively) (Vicente et al 2002, Montagnaro et al 2010, Thakur et al 2011, Pérez-Rivera et al 2017. Nevertheless, for Cundinamarca-Meta, seroprevalence was 36.4%, a value close to 40% the seroprevalence reported by Pulido-Villamarín et al (2016). In relation to results obtained for each stage group, through microscopic agglutination test (MAT) in South Korea a seropositivity of 46.7% was detected in females, 6.7% on farrowing and 3% in nursery (Vicente et al 2002), similar values were observed in different female groups in this work.…”

Evaluación de anticuerpos frente a tres bacterias zoonóticas y factores de riesgo asociados en explotaciones porcinas de Colombia

“…In the department of Cundinamarca, this study detected seroprevalence of 34.51%, which is close to the 40% found in 2019 (45). Although this study did not evaluate samples from the department of Tolima, in 2014, Rondón-Barragán et al determined seroprevalence of 36.09% in that department, finding a higher presence of antibodies in the gestation and fattening stages and lower seropositivity in breeding males (46).…”

Serosurveillance of Trichinella sp. in wild boar and Iberian domestic suids in Mediterranean ecosystems of southwestern Spain

“…In Europe, cross-sectional serological studies in pigs have been carried out only in Croatia (Marinculic et al, 2001), with a described seroprevalence of 5.5% (n = 475), Netherlands (Van der Giessen et al, 2007) with 0.24% (n = 845) and Estonia (Karssin et al, 2016), with no positive sera found (n = 374). Eslahi et al (2022) performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the global prevalence of trichinellosis in domestic pigs, analysing 21 cross-sectional studies in pigs from 17 different countries: pooled seroprevalence was 4.3% (95% CI: 1.1%-9.4%), ranging from 0% in Colombia (Pulido-Villamarín et al, 2019) and Korea (Kim et al, 2015) to 13.4% (25/186) in Nigeria (Ojodale et al, 2015). Since the extensive farming system in which Iberian pigs are raised allowed coexistence of pigs and wild boar in the same habit, transmission from wild boar to Iberian pigs could be possible, as suggested by Papatsiros et al (2020) from their study in Greece and by Kärssin et al (2021), analysing wild and game animals in Estonia.…”

“…Eslahi et al. (2022) performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis on the global prevalence of trichinellosis in domestic pigs, analysing 21 cross‐sectional studies in pigs from 17 different countries: pooled seroprevalence was 4.3% (95% CI: 1.1%–9.4%), ranging from 0% in Colombia (Pulido‐Villamarín et al., 2019) and Korea (Kim et al., 2015) to 13.4% (25/186) in Nigeria (Ojodale et al., 2015). Since the extensive farming system in which Iberian pigs are raised allowed coexistence of pigs and wild boar in the same habit, transmission from wild boar to Iberian pigs could be possible, as suggested by Papatsiros et al.…”