Presence of anti-platelet IgM and IgG antibodies in dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum

Terrazzano, Giuseppe; Cortese, Laura; Piantedosi, Diego; Zappacosta, Serafino; Loria, Antonio Di; Santoro, Domenico; Ruggiero, Giuseppina; Ciaramella, Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2005.11.001

Cited by 46 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The importance of monitoring co-infected dogs stems from the fact that the transmission of L. infantum is supported by the presence of parasites in the skin of infected animals (DEANE & DEANE, 1955). The low mean platelet counts detected in G1 and G2 animals have already been described in both CVL and CME (BULLA et al, 2004;CIARAMELLA et al, 2005;TERRAZZANO et al, 2006;CORTESE et al, 2009a). Thrombocytopenia and thrombocytopathy may result from vasculitis, increased platelet destruction following renal and/or hepatic failure, or anti-platelet antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Pathology of dogs in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil naturally co-infected with Leishmania infantum and Ehrlichia canis

Andrade

Barreto

Santos

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Different parasites that commonly occur concomitantly can influence one another, sometimes with unpredictable effects. We evaluated pathological aspects of dogs naturally co-infected with Leishmania infantum and Ehrlichia canis. The health status of the dogs was investigated based on histopathological, hematological and biochemical analyses of 21 animals infected solely with L. infantum and 22 dogs co-infected with L. infantum and E. canis. The skin of both groups showed chronic, predominantly lymphohistioplasmacytic inflammatory reaction. The plasmacytosis in the lymphoid tissues was likely related with the hypergammaglobulinemia detected in all the dogs. The disorganization of extracellular matrix found in the reticular dermis of the inguinal region and ear, characterized by the substitution of thick collagen fibers for thin fibers, was attributed to the degree of inflammatory reaction, irrespective of the presence of parasites. In addition, the histopathological analysis revealed that twice as many dogs in the co-infected group presented Leishmania amastigotes in the ear skin than those infected solely with Leishmania, increasing the possibility of becoming infected through sand fly vectors. Our findings highlight the fact that the health of dogs infected concomitantly with L. infantum and E. canis is severely compromised due to their high levels of total plasma protein, globulins, alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase, and severe anemia.Keywords: Canine leishmaniasis, canine ehrlichiosis, histopathology, concomitant infections. ResumoA infecção simultânea por parasitas de diferentes espécies pode resultar em alterações imprevisíveis. O presente estudo avaliou a patologia de cães naturalmente coinfectados por Leishmania infantum e Ehrlichia canis. A saúde dos cães foi investigada pelas análises histopatológicas, hematológicas e bioquímicas de 21 cães infectados somente por L. infantum e 22 cães coinfectados por L. infantum e E. canis. Observou-se uma reação inflamatória crônica, predominantemente linfohistioplasmocítica, na pele dos dois grupos. A plasmocitose, encontrada nos tecidos linfóides, provavelmente estava relacionada com a hipergamaglobulinemia observada em todos os cães amostrados. A desorganização da matriz extracelular da derme da região inguinal e da orelha, demonstrada pela substituição das fibras de colágeno espessas por fibras finas, foi relacionada com o grau de reação inflamatória, independente da presença de parasitas. Ainda, observamos duas vezes mais animais do grupo coinfectado apresentando formas amastigotas na pele de orelha pela histopatologia comparado ao número de cães infectados apenas por Leishmania, tornando-os desta forma mais infectivos aos vetores. Nossos resultados ressaltam que a saúde de cães coinfectados estava severamente comprometida devido aos altos níveis de proteína plasmática total, globulinas, fosfatase alcalina, creatina quinase e anemia acentuada.Palavras-chave: Leishmaniose canina, erliquiose canina, histopatologia, infecções concomitantes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Pathology of dogs in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil naturally co-infected with Leishmania infantum and Ehrlichia canis

Andrade

Barreto

Santos

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thrombocytopenia is frequent in cases of CVL (FREITAS et al, 2012;BRAZ et al, 2015), and it can be explained by vasculitis resulting from immune complex deposits (BUSH, 2004), changes in platelet production, increased platelet destruction, and presence of antiplatelet antibodies (TERRAZANO et al, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular diseases in dogs naturally affected by visceral leishmaniasis in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to characterize ocular diseases in dogs naturally affected by visceral leishmaniasis in Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil. The diagnosis was made using parasitological exams of the bone-marrow and lymph-node samples. The main ophthalmological findings were uveitis, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis, and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Normocytic normochromic anemia was the main hematological finding, followed by thrombocytopenia. Plasma proteins were also considered, and hyperproteinemia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and hypoalbuminemia were observed. Ocular histopathological examination revealed mild inflammation involving lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages. Results indicate the need to perform a differential diagnosis to rule out or establish the presence of Leishmania sp. in dogs presenting with ophthalmic lesions in endemic regions.

show abstract

“…In the case of hepatitis C virus infection, the blockage in the maturation of megakaryocytes is mediated by the viral RNA itself (Almeida 2003). Despite an associated medullary compromise in visceral leishmaniasis in the canine model of Leishmania infantum infection, antiplatelet IgG and IgM were also observed (Terrazzano et al 2006). In acute infection with Trypanosoma cruzi, frequent thrombocytopenia is related to the presence of parasite trans-sialidase (Tribulatti et al 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Thrombocytopenia in malaria: who cares?

Lacerda

Mourão

Coelho

et al. 2011

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

182

173

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key words: Plasmodium falciparum -Plasmodium vivax -malaria -thrombocytopenia -plateletsMalaria and thrombocytopenia • Marcus Vinícius Guimarães Lacerda et al. 53Data on the real burden of thrombocytopenia associated with malaria is contradictory in the literature and it is not usually considered when conducting patient selection. Table I shows the major publications estimating the frequency of thrombocytopenia. Most of these data were published in the late 1990s, probably in time with the surge in the availability of affordable automated machines capable of performing full blood counts (FBC). Manual platelet counting is time-consuming and usually needs to be requested by the physician with the routine blood count in most of the endemic areas for malaria. In only three publications is there an adequate randomised enrollment of patients with appropriate sample size calculation to estimate the frequency of bleeding and its association with the respective platelet count (Lacerda 2007, Silva 2009, Kochar et al. 2010. Only one study has ruled out other common causes of thrombocytopenia that are also endemic in the studied area (Lacerda 2007). There is a wide range of thrombocytopenia occurrence in these reports, which may be explained by distinct selection criteria of the enrolled patients. There are also differences in the selection of outpatients or inpatients from tertiary care centres that tend to present with severe thrombocytopenia. Furthermore, clinical manifestations of thrombocytopenia are usually described as case reports and most of these are due to P. vivax (Table II).In 2005, 138 of 684 (20.1%) malarial cases hospitalised in a tertiary care centre in Manaus had thrombocytopenia as the cause of admission, which corresponded to 6.8% of hospitalisations due to all causes in this reference institution (unpublished observations). Hospitalisation, however, does not add any benefit to the patient and because there is no evidence for any intervention, this simply increases public health costs in underdeveloped and under-resourced areas.Pathogenesis of malarial thrombocytopenia -Coagulation disturbances -A study based on 31 American soldiers in Vietnam with chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria noted the following changes in the acute phase of the disease using the same patients as their own controls during convalescence: decrease in the platelet count and prothrombim activation time, increase in the activated thromboplastin time, and reduction in factors V, VII and VIII with normal fibrinogen (Dennis et al. 1967). This report suggested that thrombocytopenia was simply a consequence of the coagulation disorders presented by these patients, an idea that persisted for many decades in the literature. In another series of 21 patients with falciparum malaria, six had developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The authors noted that the patients with more severe thrombocytopenia also had DIC and that there was correlation between platelet count and C3 protein levels. However, the reduction in C3 was pr...

show abstract

Presence of anti-platelet IgM and IgG antibodies in dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum

Cited by 46 publications

References 22 publications

Pathology of dogs in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil naturally co-infected with Leishmania infantum and Ehrlichia canis

Pathology of dogs in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil naturally co-infected with Leishmania infantum and Ehrlichia canis

Ocular diseases in dogs naturally affected by visceral leishmaniasis in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil

Thrombocytopenia in malaria: who cares?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About