Prescription opioid abuse: Problems and responses

Compton, Wilson M.; Boyle, Maureen; Wargo, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.04.003

Cited by 166 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…8 Due to these increases in morbidity and mortality, prescription opioid abuse has become a US epidemic. 2,9,10 To fully understand the current status of the epidemic and to examine who is currently most affected, an examination of nationally representative US surveillance data is needed. To further develop a detailed picture of the public health implications, we used 2 national data sets to examine trends in the prevalence of nonmedical use of prescription opioids, prescription opioid use disorders, frequency of use, and drug overdose deaths involving prescription opioids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use and Use Disorders Among Adults Aged 18 Through 64 Years in the United States, 2003-2013

Han

Compton

Jones

et al. 2015

JAMA

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319

242

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use and Use Disorders Among Adults Aged 18 Through 64 Years in the United States, 2003-2013

Han

Compton

Jones

et al. 2015

JAMA

Self Cite

319

242

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“…In the U.S., abuse of prescription opioid analgesics has reached epidemic proportions, with almost two million individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for opioid analgesic abuse/dependence and rates of overdose death exceeding rates seen with illicit drugs (Compton et al, 2015–in this issue). Prescription opioid addiction has come to represent a more substantial problem in the U.S. than globally, although it is certainly an area of concern in many developed countries (Fischer et al, 2014).…”

Section: Behavior Change Health and Health Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contributions on the prescription opioid addiction epidemic begin with a commentary from Dr. Wilson Compton and colleagues (Compton et al, 2015–in this issue). In his role as Deputy Director of the NIH's National Institute on Drug Abuse, Dr. Compton is directly or indirectly involved in many of the federal efforts underway to curtail this U.S. epidemic.…”

Section: Prescription Opioid Addictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial: 2nd Special Issue on behavior change, health, and health disparities

Higgins

2015

Preventive Medicine

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This Special Issue of Preventive Medicine (PM) is the 2nd that we have organized on behavior change, health, and health disparities. This is a topic of fundamental importance to improving population health in the U.S. and other industrialized countries that are trying to more effectively manage chronic health conditions. There is broad scientific consensus that personal behavior patterns such as cigarette smoking, other substance abuse, and physical inactivity/obesity are among the most important modifiable causes of chronic disease and its adverse impacts on population health. As such behavior change needs to be a key component of improving population health. There is also broad agreement that while these problems extend across socioeconomic strata, they are overrepresented among more economically disadvantaged populations and contribute directly to the growing problem of health disparities. Hence, behavior change represents an essential step in curtailing that unsettling problem as well. In this 2nd Special Issue, we devote considerable space to the current U.S. prescription opioid addiction epidemic, a crisis that was not addressed in the prior Special Issue. We also continue to devote attention to the two largest contributors to preventable disease and premature death, cigarette smoking and physical inactivity/obesity as well as risks of co-occurrence of these unhealthy behavior patterns. Across each of these topics we included contributions from highly accomplished policymakers and scientists to acquaint readers with recent accomplishments as well as remaining knowledge gaps and challenges to effectively managing these important chronic health problems.

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“…Although prescription opioid abuse has plateaued (Dart et al, 2015), perhaps curtailed by policy and educational initiatives (Brady et al, 2015;Compton et al, 2015;Kanouse and Compton, 2015), the prevalence of prescription opioid use disorders and overdose deaths continues to increase (Han et al, 2015), indicating the need for alternative pharmacotherapies. One treatment approach is to combine opioids with other drugs, such as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, in an attempt to retain their analgesic effects while reducing unwanted effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Treatment with Morphine and 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Rhesus Monkeys: Antinociceptive Tolerance and Withdrawal

Gerak

2016

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

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Opioid receptor agonists are effective for treating pain; however, tolerance and dependence can develop with repeated use. Combining opioids with cannabinoids can enhance their analgesic potency, although it is less clear whether combined treatment alters opioid tolerance and dependence. In this study, four monkeys received 3.2 mg/kg morphine alone or in combination with 1 mg/kg D 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) twice daily; the antinociceptive effects (warm water tail withdrawal) of morphine, the cannabinoid receptor agonists WIN 55,212, and the k opioid receptor agonist U-50,488 (trans-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl]benzenacetamide methanesulfonate) were examined before, during, and after treatment. To determine whether concurrent THC treatment altered morphine dependence, behavioral signs indicative of withdrawal were monitored when treatment was discontinued. Before treatment, each drug increased tail withdrawal latency to 20 seconds (maximum possible effect). During treatment, latencies did not reach 20 seconds for morphine or the cannabinoids up to doses 3-to 10-fold larger than those that were fully effective before treatment. Rightward and downward shifts in antinociceptive dose-effect curves were greater for monkeys receiving the morphine/THC combination than monkeys receiving morphine alone. When treatment was discontinued, heart rate and directly observable withdrawal signs increased, although they were generally similar in monkeys that received morphine alone or with THC. These results demonstrated that antinociceptive tolerance was greater during treatment with the combination, and although treatment conditions were sufficient to result in the development of dependence on morphine, withdrawal was not markedly altered by concurrent treatment with THC. Thus, THC can enhance some (antinociception, tolerance) but not all (dependence) effects of morphine.

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Prescription opioid abuse: Problems and responses

Cited by 166 publications

References 37 publications

Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use and Use Disorders Among Adults Aged 18 Through 64 Years in the United States, 2003-2013

Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use and Use Disorders Among Adults Aged 18 Through 64 Years in the United States, 2003-2013

Editorial: 2nd Special Issue on behavior change, health, and health disparities

Combined Treatment with Morphine and 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Rhesus Monkeys: Antinociceptive Tolerance and Withdrawal

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