Prepubescent Strength Training Gains Support

Duda, Marty

doi:10.1080/00913847.1986.11708997

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Other physiological benefits to the child have been hypothesized consequent to resistance training and they are discussed in detail elsewhere (2,9,14,55,56). Briefly, improvements in body composition and blood lipid profiles have been observed (56,57).…”

Section: Other Training Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance Training and Youth

Kraemer¹,

Fry²,

Frykman³

et al. 1989

Pediatric Exercise Science

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The use of resistance training for children has increased in popularity and interest. It appears that children are capable of voluntary strength gains. Exercise prescription in younger populations is critical and requires certain program variables to be altered from adult perspectives. Individualization is vital, as the rate of physiological maturation has an impact on the adaptations that occur. The major difference in programs for children is the use of lighter loads (i.e., > 6 RM loads). It appears that longer duration programs (i.e., 10-20 wks) are better for observing training adaptations. This may be due to the fact that it takes more exercise to stimulate adaptational mechanisms related to strength performance beyond that of normal growth rates. The risk of injury appears low during participation in a resistance training program, and this risk is minimized with proper supervision and instruction. Furthermore, with the incidence of injury in youth sports, participation in a resistance training program may provide a protective advantage in one’s preparation for sports participation.

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Section: Other Training Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This question has been a primary issue and the subject of several reviews (2,14,17,35,45,49,55). It has been generally accepted that strength training can increase strength beyond what would occur consequent to the normal growth of a child (3,4,9,13,18,33,37,39,44,46,47,54,56).…”

Section: Strength Gainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance Training and Youth

Kraemer¹,

Fry²,

Frykman³

et al. 1989

Pediatric Exercise Science

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“…The opposition to strength training was mainly (i) that prepubescents were incapable of making significant strength gain because of inadequate levels of circulating androgens, (ii) that strength gains do not improve motor performance or reduce the risk of injury in children's sports and (iii) that resistance weight training is dangerous, implying an unacceptable risk of injury. Recent studies have not confirmed this (61). In competitive swimming, children are recruited at a young age and daily training from age 11-12 is not unusual.…”

Section: Prevention and Treatment Preventionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nontraumatic glenohumeral instability and coracoacromial impingement in swimmers

Bak

1996

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Competitive swimming is one of the most demanding and time-consuming sports. Swimmers at elite level practice 20-30 h per week. During 1 year's practice, the average top level swimmer performs more than 500,000 stroke revolutions per arm. These innumerable repetitions over many years of hard training together with an increasing muscular imbalance around the shoulder girdle seem to be the main etiological factors in the development of the overuse syndrome swimmer's shoulder. Shoulder pain in swimmers has in general been regarded as synonymous with coracoacromial impingement, i.e. anterior shoulder pain due to rotator cuff tendinitis, but new knowledge suggests that a concomitant glenohumeral instability plays an additional role. The diagnostic complexity of the problem is as challenging as the search for the gold standard of treatment. The condition should ideally be diagnosed as early as possible, and intensive functional rehabilitation of the shoulder girdle including the scapular muscles should be started in order to restore muscle balance. The surgical possibilities include subacromial decompression in cases of purely mechanical impingement. If a painful glenohumeral instability persists after intensive functional rehabilitation, anterior capsulolabral reconstruction can be performed. Still, however, short-and long-term results show that surgery is less successful in elite athletes involved in overhead sports. Prevention protocols include education of coaches in primary injury prophylaxis and the institution of resistance strength training in prepubescent swimmers. Emphasis should be made to improve muscular balance around the glenohumeral and

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“…Thus, studies have added credibility and generated agreement that strength training, when practiced under competent supervision, is safe and efficacious for preadolescents (Duda, 1986). Additional support for supervised strength training programs for this age group comes from professionals who have witnessed declining scores in muscular strength of prepubescent boys and girls in the AAHPERD Youth Fitness Tests (Hunsiker & Reiff, 1977;Pate, Ross, Dotson, & Gilbert, 1985).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%