Throughout the world, the populations of many countries are rapidly becoming
more diverse than ever. Population composition is changing, whether measured
by ethnicity or race, age or generation, immigration status, or internal
displacement. Higher education institutions have an important role in preparing
university graduates to interact with diverse groups. This focus guided our
study: What teaching and learning strategies might enhance intercultural
competence (ICC) among undergraduate students at a university? ICC was
considered to be understanding of one‘s own culture as well as the capacity to
understand, interpret, and adapt to other cultures. Investigators wanted to collect
a set of activities to foster growth in students‘ ICC through knowledge,
experience, reflection, and coaching. This project examined 278 scholarly articles
to explore the teaching and learning strategies that appear to have made the
difference. Using keywords such as multiculturalism, intercultural competence,
diversity, higher education, coaching, reflection, service learning, and cultural
partners, investigators used academic databases to locate related materials.
Research articles were analyzed to locate effective pedagogical practices. The
study reported evidence from academic literature about intensive, intentional,
and reflective cross-cultural educational experiences that could have a positive
impact on the ICC of undergraduate students. Impactful teaching and learning
experiences include elements of knowledge, experience, coaching, and reflection.
The author suggested specific teaching and learning activities that combine all
four elements and may be customized to enhance almost any academic or
professional preparation program: cultural autobiography, diversity stories,
cultural partnership, and service learning.