Preparative separation of alkaloids from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn by pH‐zone‐refining counter‐current chromatography

Abstract

Preparative separation of alkaloids from embryo of the seed of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn has been successfully performed for the first time using pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography. Two kinds of two-phase solvent systems were applied to preparative CCC isolation. The first was the system composed of MtBE-water (1:1, v/v), 10 mM triethylamine in organic stationary phase and 5 mM HCl in aqueous mobile phase, which could only separate neferine partly from the crude extract. The second was the system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (5:5:2:8, v/v), 10 mM triethylamine in organic stationary phase and 5 mM HCl in aqueous mobile phase, which was the optimum for large-scale CCC isolation. 2.5 g of the crude alkaloid was purified in one-step separation of 7 h, yielding 151 mg of liensinine, 118 mg of isoliensinine and 572 mg of neferine with the purities of 93.0, 95.1 and 97.0%, respectively.

Isoliensinine: A Natural Compound with “Drug-Like” Potential

“…Recently, many effective methods with high purity and low reaction time have been established by changing the two-phase solvent system of CCC, such as replacing the mobile phase of HCl as a pH regulator with a safer Na 2 HPO 4 /NaH 2 PO 4 buffer solution and lysine. (Duanmu et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2017). In addition, Fang et al (Fang et al, 2017) utilized an ionic liquid as a pH zone-refining reagent for the separation of alkaloids from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn, and they succeeded in isolating six alkaloids, including N-nornuciferine, liensinine, nuciferine, isoliensinine, roemerine, and neferine.…”

Preparative separation of quaternary ammonium alkaloids from Coptis chinensis Franch by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography

“…In addition, this method enables detection of samples by their pH, which is especially useful if the analyte has low ultraviolet absorbance [2,3,5]. It has been successfully used as a large-scale preparative technique for separating ionizable compounds which include alkaloids [6][7][8], synthetic colors [9,10], isomers [11][12][13], peptide derivatives [14,15], etc.…”

The metabolism of gelsevirine in human, pig, goat and rat liver microsomes

“…Alkaloids such as gelsemine, koumine, gelsemicine, gelsevirine, gelsenicine, sempervirine and humantenine and their analogs are the major active components in Gelsemium (Chen et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2012). Compared with other alkaloids from G. elegans, gelsemine, gelsevirine and koumine exhibit equally potent anxiolytic effects and reduced toxicity (Su et al, 2011). The pharmacological activities and metabolism of koumine and gelsemine have been reported by other researchers, (Xiao et al, 2017;Yang et al, 2017) and the metabolism of gelsevirine was examined in vitro in our previous study (Zhang et al, 2019).…”