Preparation of Thermochromic Microcapsules of Bisphenol A and Crystal Violet Lactone and Their Effect on Coating Properties

Zhao, Wenting; Yan, Xiaoxing

doi:10.3390/polym14071393

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…According to the relevant literature [ 23 ], the mass ratio of CVL: BPA and the mass ratio of CVL: tetradecanol, as well as the temperature, and mixing time, were selected as the influencing factors, and the L 9 (3 4 ) orthogonal test with four factors and three levels was designed. The influencing factors and levels of the orthogonal test are shown in Table 2 , and the arrangement of the orthogonal test is shown in Table 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Crystal Violet Lactone Complex and Its Effect on Discoloration of Metal Surface Coating

Yan

Zhao

2022

Polymers

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In this paper, a thermochromic complex was prepared from crystal violet lactone (CVL), bisphenol A (BPA) and tetradecanol. The color-changing temperature of the color-changing compound was found to be 25 °C by orthogonal experiment. Microcapsules coated with a thermochromic compound were added into alkyd resin at different mass concentrations. With the increase in temperature and mass fraction of microcapsules in the coating, the color difference of the coating showed an upward trend. The highest variation in the coating’s color difference occurs when there were 10% microcapsules. When the mass fraction of microcapsules was 15.0~25.0%, there was little change to the gloss of the coating. With the increase in the mass fraction of the coating microcapsules, the hardness of the coating gradually increased. The hardness was at its best when the microcapsule concentration was 25%. When the microcapsule concentration was 20%, the impact resistance of the coating was at its best. The coating had good cold-liquid resistance to acetic acid, ethanol, and NaCl solutions, and there was basically no mark on the coating surface before and after the cold-liquid-resistance test. The addition of microcapsules did not change the chemical composition of the coating, and it improved the performance of the coating. When the microcapsule concentration was 10%, the overall performance of the coating was at its best, which laid the technical foundation for thermochromic coating on the metal surface.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Crystal Violet Lactone Complex and Its Effect on Discoloration of Metal Surface Coating

Yan

Zhao

2022

Polymers

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“…The RT compositions of CVL, BPAF, and Me-st with high sensitivity and low color-changing temperature are employed as the core materials. PUU was selected as a microcapsule shell material because of its excellent chemical and mechanical properties, as well as the advantage of formaldehyde-free content compared to melamine-formaldehyde resin shells that have similar properties [18][19][20]. Various methods have been developed for encapsulating RT compositions, including in situ polymerization, interfacial polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, sol-gel, spray drying, and complex coacervation [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Thermochromic Microcapsules and Their Applications in Anticounterfeiting

et al. 2023

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The common, commercial reversible thermochromic (RT) melamine–formaldehyde resin microcapsules containing formaldehyde are very harmful to human health. To address this issue, we successfully prepared a novel formaldehyde-free microcapsule via interfacial polymerization using RT compositions as the core and poly(urethane-urea) (PUU) as the shell. The core material consisted of a color former (crystal violet lactone), a developer (bisphenol AF), and a solvent (methyl stearate). To optimize the synthesis of the microcapsules, an L9 (34) orthogonal design and single-factor experiments were employed to analyze the effects of four factors (N3300-to-L75 shell material mass ratio, core-to-shell material mass ratio, emulsifier concentration, and shear rate during emulsification) on the encapsulation efficiency. The results showed that the optimal parameter values were as follows: a shear rate of 2500 rpm, N3300-to-L75 shell material mass ratio of 1:4, core-to-shell material mass ratio of 11:5, and emulsifier concentration of 3.5%. The influence of the shear rate on the particle size and distribution, surface morphology, dispersibility, and reversible thermochromic properties of the microcapsules was investigated. Furthermore, analyses on the phase-change characteristics, thermal stability, ultraviolet aging, and solvent and acid–base resistances of the microcapsules were conducted systematically. Finally, a reversible thermochromic mark containing the RTPUU microcapsules was designed and fabricated, which could be used against falsification. Moreover, these RTPUU microcapsules can be potentially used for anticounterfeiting applications.

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“…Based on the previous studies [41,42], fluorane microcapsules are used as photochromic materials, and crystal violet lipid complexes are used as thermochromic materials. Yan et al [43] studied the bifunctional coating with self-healing and photochromic properties, and the coating has a single color-change property.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Coating Process of Photochromic and Thermochromic Composite Microcapsules on Coating Properties for Basswood

2022

Self Cite

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In this paper, photochromic and thermochromic microcapsules were selected. There are three different coating processes: “the primer with the photochromic microcapsules, the topcoat with the thermochromic microcapsules”, “the primer with the thermochromic microcapsules, the topcoat with the photochromic microcapsules”, and “the photochromic and thermochromic microcapsules added into the primer and topcoats” to explore the color-changing effect of the coating on the surface of basswood (Tilia) and the comprehensive properties of the paint film. The optical properties, mechanical properties, cold liquid resistance, and aging resistance of the coating were mainly analyzed. It was concluded that the comprehensive performance of the coating was the best when thermochromic and photochromic microcapsules were mixed on the surface of basswood (Tilia). At a temperature of 80 °C, the color difference reached a maximum of 20.2, and the coating was completely discolored. The color difference of the coating after discoloration under visible light illumination was 56.9. The gloss under the angle of incidence at 60° was 37.4, hardness was 3H, adhesion grade was 1, impact resistance was 10.0 kg·cm, and cold liquid resistance grade was 1. The method of mixing the two microcapsules had better aging resistance. In this paper, the photochromic and thermochromic properties of the coating were studied, and the optimal discoloration of the surface coating of the basswood substrate was solved by different coating processes. This study provided a method for a coating to achieve both photochromic and thermochromic discoloration, broadening the application of discoloration coatings.

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Preparation of Thermochromic Microcapsules of Bisphenol A and Crystal Violet Lactone and Their Effect on Coating Properties

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Preparation of Crystal Violet Lactone Complex and Its Effect on Discoloration of Metal Surface Coating

Preparation of Crystal Violet Lactone Complex and Its Effect on Discoloration of Metal Surface Coating

Reversible Thermochromic Microcapsules and Their Applications in Anticounterfeiting

Effect of Coating Process of Photochromic and Thermochromic Composite Microcapsules on Coating Properties for Basswood

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