Preparation of nitrated sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membranes for reducing methanol permeability in direct methanol fuel cell applications

Lin, Chien Kung; Kuo, Jui‐Chao; Chen, Chuh Yung

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.11.008

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The most widely used and intensively studied poly(arylene ether)-based membrane is SPEEK (Figure a) because its original polymer, poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), is commercially available and has important properties similar to those of many classes of aromatic polymers. − Although the large majority of membranes based on SPEEK does not have the desired lifetime because of the hydroxy radical initiated degradation of SPEEK, there are still some clever routes worthy of being mentioned (Table ) for improving SPEEK membranes. Large improvements in durability have been attained by double cross-linking or the radiation-grafting method, but further improvements are still needed.…”

Section: Nonfluorinated Acid Ionomer Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Development of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells

2012

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Membranes with Proton-Conducting Polymer Components 2793 4. Nonfluorinated Acid Ionomer Membranes 2793 4.1. Poly(arylene ether)-Based Membranes 2793 4.1.1. Modification of SPEEK Membrane 2793 4.1.2. Poly(arylene ether)s with Cross-Linkable Groups 2794 4.1.3. Poly(arylene ether)s with Pendant Sulfonated Groups or Side-Chains 2799 4.1.4. Poly(arylene ether)s with Backbones Containing Heteroatoms Such as F, N, S, and P 2800 4.1.5. Multiblock Copoly(arylene ether)s Synthesized by the Coupling Reaction of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Macromonomers 2803 4.2. Polyimide-Based Membranes 2804 4.2.1. SPIs Based on NTDA 2804 4.2.2. SPIs based on BNTDA 2806 4.2.3. SPIs Based on Other Dianhydrides 2807 4.3. Hydrocarbon Polymer with Aliphatic Main-Chain-Based Membranes 2807 4.4. Glass Membranes 2809 5. Polybenzimidazole/H 3 PO 4 Membranes 2809 5.1. Modifications to mPBI 2810 5.1.1. Optimizations of Preparation and Operation of Acid-Doped mPBI System 2810 5.1.2. Modified mPBI/H 3

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Section: Nonfluorinated Acid Ionomer Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Development of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells

2012

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“…At high temperature above 60 ºC, however, the water uptake increased sharply for PFES-70, reflecting the formation of ion clusters. 42,43 At elevated temperatures, the mobility of polymer chains increases, and hence large interchain separations are produced. Although crosslinking usually inhibits these separations by forming a network structure, the movement is not inhibited but rather minimized for our terminally-crosslinked polymer system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terminally-crosslinked sulfonated poly(fluorenyl ether sulfone) as a highly conductive and stable proton exchange membrane

et al. 2010

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Sulfonated poly(fluorenyl ether sulfone) (PFES) with a terminally-crosslinked network structure was prepared by heat-induced crosslinking of the allyl-terminated telechelic sulfone polymers using a bisazide. The crosslinked polymer membrane with a sulfofluorenyl moiety of 70% (PFES-70) showed excellent hydrolytic, dimensional, and mechanical stability. The crosslinked PFES-70 membrane revealed a proton conductivity of 0.04 S/cm at 20 o C, which increased significantly with increasing temperature. The conductivity of 0.38 S/cm at 100 o C for PFES-70 was higher than that of both non-crosslinked (0.33 S/cm) and Nafion ® (0.17 S/cm). In addition, the crosslinked PFES-70 showed a methanol permeability of only 1.4% (3.9×10 -8 cm 2 /s) compared to Nafion ® .

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“…The amino-polyethersulfone (NH 2 -PES) was obtained by reduction of nitrated polyethersulfone (NO 2 -PES). Amination of polysulfones by nitration and reduction has been widely reported in the literature [33][34][35][36][37][38]. Nitration of the PES was carried out in dichloromethane by adding small amounts of ammonium nitrate (AN), suspended in the PES solution.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Amino-polyethersulfone (Nh 2 -Pes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction mixture was stirred for 12 h at 45 1C, under argon atmosphere before being precipitated in methanol and washed with a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ). NO 2 -PES was washed by distilled water to neutralize the polymer [33,36,38]. Finally, it was dried under a vacuum at 80 1C for 6 h. NH 2 -PES can be obtained by reduction of NO 2 -PES.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Amino-polyethersulfone (Nh 2 -Pes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion exchange membranes based upon crosslinked sulfonated polyethersulfone for electrochemical applications

Mabrouk

Ogier

Vidal

et al. 2014

Journal of Membrane Science

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Synthesis and characterization of new ion exchange membranes made from chlorosulfonated polyethersulfone (SO 2 Cl-PES) crosslinked by polyaminated crosslinking reagents have been performed. Two examples are described: one crosslinked by hexane diamine, the other by amino-polyethersulfone (NH 2-PES). Sulfonated polyether sulfone (S-PES) and NH 2-PES have similar chemical structures that allow compatibility. Surprisingly enough, better results were obtained using amino-polyethersulfone. The best results have been obtained using SO 2 Cl-PES with 1.3 SO 2 Cl group per monomer unit crosslinked by 0.2 equivalent of NH 2-PES. The membranes, less brittle than pristine SPES and insoluble in solvents such as DMAc, were characterized by TGA, DMA, DSC, ionic conductivity, transport numbers, and water swelling. The results showed that these membranes presented very promising performances for use in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.

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Preparation of nitrated sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membranes for reducing methanol permeability in direct methanol fuel cell applications

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Recent Development of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells

Recent Development of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells

Terminally-crosslinked sulfonated poly(fluorenyl ether sulfone) as a highly conductive and stable proton exchange membrane

Ion exchange membranes based upon crosslinked sulfonated polyethersulfone for electrochemical applications

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