Preparation of nanobiochar as magnetic solid acid catalyst by pyrolysis-carbonization from oil palm empty fruit bunches

Jenie, S. N. Aisyiyah; Kristiani, Anis; Kustomo,; Simanungkalit, Sabar Pangihutan; Mansur, Dieni

doi:10.1063/1.5011875

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Moreover, HTC can remove a portion of the incombustible alkali materials which participate in ash formation during combustion. , Although the main product of HTC is usually the hydrochar, a liquid phase product (process water) and a gas stream are also obtained as byproducts . The hydrochar can be used for several purposes such as a fuel for power generation, as a gas or contaminant absorber, as a catalyst for other chemical processes, and in soil amendment . Although HTC’s ability to convert biomass to fuel has been proven by several in-lab experiments, there are other important factors that should be considered for an industrial process including effect of water recycling and particle size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Process Water Recycling and Particle Sizes on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass

et al. 2018

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising thermochemical process for the conversion of biomass with high moisture content, and therefore, interest in the development of continuous technology is growing. However, the development of continuous HTC systems requires the in-depth understanding of reaction kinetics, heat transfer mechanisms, exothermic or endothermic nature of the reaction, effect of operational parameters, recyclability of process water, and variability in biomass feedstock. The current paper discusses the effects of recyclability of process water and particle size on the product yield. To investigate the water recycling effect, HTC experiments were performed on sawdust using recycled water in a batch reactor. Moreover, to study the particle size effect, 3 small reactors containing specific particle sizes of biomass were placed in a larger reactor simultaneously to ensure consistency in the process condition. The results showed that the process water recycling increases the mass yield and higher heating value (HHV) of the solid product by 12% and 2%, respectively, after the first recycle. Physicochemical properties of hydrochar were studied by carrying out the ultimate and proximate, HHV, thermogravimetric coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer−Emmett−Teller analysis, and results are discussed. Regarding the particle size study, higher mass yield, a decrease in heating value, and an increase in total organic carbon in the process water were observed by increasing the particle size.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Process Water Recycling and Particle Sizes on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass

et al. 2018

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“…Since nanobiochar is derived from biochar, they have many applications in common, including adsorption of organic and inorganic contaminants from aqueous solutions ,,,, and their immobilization in soil, , soil conditioning, soil fertility enhancement, , plant growth promotion, ,, enzyme immobilization, catalysts, , and sensor development. , These applications and others make nanobiochar a sustainable replacement option for many costly nanomaterials. ,,,,, Applications are summarized in the sections below.…”

Section: Nanobiochar Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Definitive Review of Nanobiochar

Chaubey,

Pratap,

Preetiva

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Nanobiochar is an advanced nanosized biochar with enhanced properties and wide applicability for a variety of modern-day applications. Nanobiochar can be developed easily from bulk biochar through top-down approaches including ball-milling, centrifugation, sonication, and hydrothermal synthesis. Nanobiochar can also be modified or engineered to obtain "engineered nanobiochar" or biochar nanocomposites with enhanced properties and applications. Nanobiochar provides many fold enhancements in surface area (0.4−97-times), pore size (0.1−5.3-times), total pore volume (0.5−48.5-times), and surface functionalities over bulk biochars. These enhancements have given increased contaminant sorption in both aqueous and soil media. Further, nanobiochar has also shown catalytic properties and applications in sensors, additive/fillers, targeted drug delivery, enzyme immobilization, polymer production, etc. The advantages and disadvantages of nanobiochar over bulk biochar are summarized herein, in detail. The processes and mechanisms involved in nanobiochar synthesis and contaminants sorption over nanobiochar are summarized. Finally, future directions and recommendations are suggested.

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“…Condensation of the mixture at 60˚C for 60 minutes. The result of total percentage of changes oleic acid converted into methyl ester was analyzed by GC-MS [10,11]. The conversion of yield and selectivity of methyl ester were calculated to use the following equations, respectively.…”

Section: Application Of Msnp/so 4 2-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modified MSNP/SO 4 2was obtained by reacting MSNP with sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) at room temperature overnight. The MSNP/SO 4 2had contained acid functional sites such as -OH (silanol group from silica) as a weak acid and -SO 3 H (sulfate group from sulfuric acid) as strong acid [11]. The MSNP/SO 4 2samples were further applied as heterogeneous catalyst in an esterification reaction.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Msnp and Msnp/so 4 2-mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Nanoparticles based on Natural Silica as a Methyl Ester Forming Acid Catalyst

Elmaria

Jenie

2021

J.Kim.Terap.Indones.

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Natural silica has advantages in various fields such as catalysts, because it is easily obtained and applied in the chemical reaction process. The synthesis of natural silica-based magnetic acid catalyst, MSNP/SO42- aims to obtain a large yield from the reaction process between oleic acid and methanol to form methyl ester. Natural silica obtained from geothermal waste was washed with distilled water, then sol gel method was applied at pH of 4-6 to obtain SiO2 nanoparticles. FeCl3 was added to achieve the magnetic properties, and the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) is varied in order to attain optimal mesoporous size. Brunauer emmet teller (BET) results showed optimum results from 1: 2 molarity ratio between silica and CTAB with a surface area of 520.94 m2/g. The acidic properties were obtained by immersion using H2SO4 0.5 M. The catalyst were tested for the acidic and magnetic properties using temperature programmed desorption ammonia (TPD-NH3) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) characterization resulting intotal acidity of 0.2488 mmol/g and. softmagnetic type, respectively. The BET surface area of the sulfate modified into MSNP/SO42-, was decreased by 114.44 m2/g. Application of MSNP/SO42- as a catalyst for forming methyl esters obtained a percentage of 85.41% yield based on the gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC- MS) results.

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Preparation of nanobiochar as magnetic solid acid catalyst by pyrolysis-carbonization from oil palm empty fruit bunches

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of Process Water Recycling and Particle Sizes on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass

Effects of Process Water Recycling and Particle Sizes on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass

Definitive Review of Nanobiochar

Magnetic Nanoparticles based on Natural Silica as a Methyl Ester Forming Acid Catalyst

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