Preparation of nano-sized cerium and titanium pyrophosphates via solid-state reaction at room temperature

Abstract

Nano-sized cerium-titanium pyrophosphates Ce 1−x Ti x P 2 O 7 (with x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.0) were obtained by grinding a mixture of Ce(SO 4 ) 2 ·4H 2 O, Ti(SO 4 ) 2 , and Na 4 P 2 O 7 ·10H 2 O in the presence of surfactant PEG-400 at room temperature, washing the mixture with water to remove soluble inorganic salts, and drying at 100°C. The products and their calcined samples were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), thermogravimetry and differential thermal analyses (TG/DTA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that nano-sized Ce 1−x Ti x P 2 O 7 behave as an excellent UV-shielding material. Thereinto, the CeP 2 O 7 has the most excellent UV-shielding effect, and the amorphous state of Ce 0.8 Ti 0.2 P 2 O 7 can keep at a higher temperature than CeP 2 O 7 . Therefore, the stabilization of the amorphous state of the cerium pyrophosphates was carried out by doping titanium. This stabilization is a significant improvement, which enables to apply these amorphous pyrophosphates not only to cosmetics and paints, but also plastics and films.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Spectroscopic and Thermal Analysis of Strontium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Nanoparticles

“…Due to large surface to volume ratio, the nanoparticles are expected to alter physical and chemical properties of pyrophosphates. Therefore, several pyrophosphates have been synthesized, such as calcium pyrophosphate, cerium pyrophosphate, and zinc pyrophosphate . The synthesis and characterization of doped nanocalcium pyrophosphates are reported, for instance, the zinc‐doped nanocalcium pyrophosphate by Vasant and Joshi .…”

Atomic Layer Deposition of Aluminum and Titanium Phosphates

“…Titanium and aluminum phosphate thin films or mixtures of these with other phosphates may prove to be beneficial also for some other applications. As an example, amorphous phosphates of TiP 2 O 7 and Ce 1– x Ti x P 2 O 7 are promising candidates for advanced sunscreen materials in UV-shielding plastics and film applications. − The broad-spectrum protection against ultraviolet radiation and chemical stability of these materials exceed those of the conventional sunscreens, e.g., TiP 2 O 7 shows only a low catalytic activity for thermal oxidation and photocatalysis . On the contrary, aluminum phosphate, notably Al(PO 3 ) 3 , has been studied as a sealant of plasma sprayed lamellar chromium oxide coatings .…”

New Insights on Unique Features and Role of Nanostructured Materials in Cosmetics

“…In a study, calcium-doped CeO 2 has shown a better screening of shorter UV-A radiations [42]. Cerium phosphates and cerium-titanium pyrophosphates have also been demonstrated as effective substitutes for ZnO and TiO 2 nanoparticles in sunscreen formulation [43,44]. Nanoparticles such as clay and silica are added in cosmetic formulations as thickeners [45,46].…”