Preparation of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ Yolk–Shell Powders by Spray Pyrolysis and their Electrochemical Properties

Abstract

Spherical C/Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 anode powders were prepared by spray pyrolysis with aqueous solution. The particle characteristics of C/Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 powders were determined by SEM, XRD and DTA-TG. C/Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 anode powder had a spherical morphology with non aggregation and porous structure. The carbon content was around 13 wt%. XRD analysis revealed that the spinel phase was obtained by heating at 750 °C under N 2 atmosphere. The discharge capacity of C/Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 was 160 mAh/g at 1C. That of C/Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 decreased to 90 mAh/g at 20 C. 96 % of initial discharge capacity was maintained at 1 C after 100 cycles. 85 % of it was maintained at 20 C after 300 cycles.

Intricate Hollow Structures: Controlled Synthesis and Applications in Energy Storage and Conversion

“…Recently, Kang and co‐workers reported the synthesis of yolk‐in‐double‐shell‐structured SnO 2 by the spray‐pyrolysis method using tin oxalate and sucrose as precursors . This facile and powerful strategy was soon extended to the fabrication of other binary oxides (such as Co 3 O 4 , Fe 2 O 3 , V 2 O 5 , WO 3 , NiO, and MoO 3 ), ternary oxides (such as LiMn 2 O 4 , CoMn 2 O 4 , ZnCo 2 O 4 , LiV 3 O 8 , Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , and NiCo 2 O 4 ,), quaternary oxides (LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 ), metal‐oxide–metal‐oxide composites (such as CuO–Fe 2 O 3 , In 2 O 3 –NiO, Zn–Mn–O, Ti–Al–Zr–Ce–Y–O, Co–Cu–Fe–Mn–Mo–Ni–Zn–Cr–W–V–O), and noble‐metal–metal‐oxide composites (Pd–SnO 2 ), with yolk–shell, yolk‐in‐multishell, or multishelled hollow structures. The number of shells can be easily manipulated by adjusting the synthetic parameters such as the pyrolysis temperature .…”

Mixed surfactant controlled syntheses of solid Ni2P and yolk–shell Ni12P5 via a hydrothermal route and their photocatalytic properties

“…Furthermore, the yolk-shell exhibit low density, high specific surface area, good permeation and surface permeability because they contain movable cores and interstitial hollow spaces [8,9]. To date, a number of functional materials with yolk-shell structures have been reported, such as MoO 3 [10], Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 [11]. In addition, Choi and Kang [12] synthesized yolk-shell-structured SnS, which exhibited superior electrochemical performances.…”

Mesoporous Spherical Li4Ti5O12 as High‐Performance Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…However, spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 suffers from poor electrical conductivity and a low lithium diffusion coefficient, which lead to a suppressed rate capability. [6,7] So far, many strategies have been reported for enhancing the rate capability of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , which include 1) enhancing the electronic conductivity by doping or surface modification and 2) reducing the particle size and increasing the surface area. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] In particular, the morphology of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 has a great influence on its electrochemical properties; thus affecting the battery performance .…”

“…Nanostructured Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 with various morphologies can enhance kinetic performance by reducing the transport length of lithium ions and electrons. [6,7,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Among nanostructured Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , spherical morphology shows great advantages, such as lower interfacial energy, high volumetric energy density, and better fluidity characteristics, [16][17][18][19] which can favor improved battery performance. In addition, an electrode consisting of nanocrystalline Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 with three-dimensional (3D) porosity is appealing because it can provide fast electronic conduction in the solid phase and ion conduction at reasonable rates in both solid and liquid phases.…”