“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] In particular, hollow nanostructures have been extensively studied because of their improved performance and have been successfully applied in gas sensors, photocatalysis, waste water treatment, and energy storage. [7][8][9][10][11][12] To date, there are generally two routes for the preparation of hollow structures, namely using hard templates such as carbon, [13,14] silica, [15,16] and metal oxides, [17,18] and using soft templates such as micelles or vesicles, [19,20] microemulsion droplets, [21,22] and even gas bubbles. [23,24] The hard template approaches commonly suffer from tedious operational procedures, involving template preparation, shell deposition, and removal of templates by acid/base etching reactions or high temperature calcinations, which sometimes cause waste of materials and energy.…”