Preparation of High-Purity Tin by Zone Melting

Zhang, Huan; Zhao, Jinyang; Xu, Junjie; Li, Yifu; Pu, Zhenghao; Xu, Baoqiang; Yang, Bin

doi:10.3103/s1067821220010186

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The findings of our study regarding the solute migration behavior of various impurity elements in the Sn melt are consistent with the results reported by Zhang et al [17]. We quantitatively calculated the effective solute segregation coefficients for impurity elements such as Cu, Fe, Bi, Pb, As, and Sb during the vertical zone refining process using the Pfann equation.…”

Section: Purification Strategy For Higher Purity Snsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Their study elucidated that impurity elements including silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), bismuth (Bi), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), gold (Au), cobalt (Co), and zinc (Zn) exhibited partition coefficients below one, indicating their efficient removal during the refining process. Nonetheless, the yield of the 5N-grade product fell below 45%, emphasizing the need for further advancements [17]. Li et al employed the vertical zone refining method to produce indium (In) with a purity of 7N, achieving an impressive product yield of up to 85%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Purification of High-Purity Tin via Vertical Zone Refining

Wen

Peng

et al. 2023

Separations

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The present investigation delves into the potential of vertical zone refining as an effective purification technique for achieving high-purity tin (Sn) metal. The utilization of vertical zone refining offers distinct advantages over traditional horizontal zone refining, as it allows for enhanced control over the molten zone and solid–liquid interface, ultimately leading to superior impurity separation efficiency. The present study reveals that the solute partition coefficients (k0) of various impurity elements, such as Zn, Ag, Al, Mg, Ca, Ni, In, Co, Cu, As, Pb, Fe, and Bi, during the vertical zone refining process consistently demonstrate values below one. Notably, the partition coefficient of Sb deviates slightly from the others, being greater than one but approaching one. The authors achieve exceptional levels of purity in both the bottom and middle regions of the rod by subjecting the Sn melt to nine passes of vertical zone refining at a heating temperature of 405 °C and a downward pulling rate of 10 µm/s, resulting in purities exceeding 6N4. Furthermore, by evaluating the effective partition coefficients (keff), it was determined that impurity elements, such as Cu and Bi, closely approach their equilibrium partition coefficients, reaching values of approximately 0.492 and 0.327, respectively. To further enhance the purity of Sn metal and maximize product yield, we propose the utilization of electrolytic refining and vacuum distillation, with particular emphasis on the efficient separation of five specific elements, including Cu, Fe, As, Pb, and Sb. By elucidating these findings, this study not only contributes valuable insights into the efficacy of vertical zone refining as a purification technique for high-purity tin metal, but also offers important recommendations for refining strategies and impurity element separation.

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Section: Purification Strategy For Higher Purity Snsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of High-Purity Tin via Vertical Zone Refining

Wen

Peng

et al. 2023

Separations

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“…Prasad [28] optimized its process parameters when purifying tellurium and found that when the zone melting speed was 30 mm/h, it produced better results and obtained 7N pure tellurium material. Zhang [30] found that the melting rate has a significant effect on the zone melting process when purifying metallic tin. When the zone refining rate was reduced from 1.4 to 0.6 mm/min, the metal purity in the ingot increased from 99.99824% to 99.99906% after 10 times of refining.…”

Section: Zone Refining Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Research Status of High-Purity Metals Prepared by Zone Refining

et al. 2021

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The zone refining method is a physical method for effectively purifying metals. Increasing yield and reducing impurity content have always been the focus of its research. This article systematically summarizes the relevant research on the production of high-purity metals by zone refining, including mechanisms, parameter optimization, zone refining types, analysis methods, limitations, and future development directions, and it provides relevant theoretical foundations for the production of high-purity metals as well.

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Experimental Analysis of High Purity Tellurium Prepared by Zone Refining

Tian,

He,

et al. 2024

Metall Mater Trans B

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Preparation of High-Purity Tin by Zone Melting

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Purification of High-Purity Tin via Vertical Zone Refining

Purification of High-Purity Tin via Vertical Zone Refining

Research Status of High-Purity Metals Prepared by Zone Refining

Experimental Analysis of High Purity Tellurium Prepared by Zone Refining

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