Preparation of Few-Layered WS₂ and Its Thermal Catalysis for Dihydroxylammonium-5,5′-Bistetrazole-1,1′-Diolate

Abstract

In this study, few-layered tungsten disulfide (WS2) was prepared using a liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) method, and its thermal catalytic effects on an important kind of energetic salts, dihydroxylammonium-5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate (TKX-50), were investigated. Few-layered WS2 nanosheets were obtained successfully from LPE process. And the effects of the catalytic activity of the bulk and few-layered WS2 on the thermal decomposition behavior of TKX-50 were studied by using synchronous thermal analysis (STA). Moreover, the thermal analysis data was analyzed furtherly by using the thermokinetic software AKTS. The results showed the WS2 materials had an intrinsic thermal catalysis performance for TKX-50 thermal decomposition. With the few-layered WS2 added, the initial decomposition temperature and activation energy (Ea) of TKX-50 had been decreased more efficiently. A possible thermal catalysis decomposition mechanism was proposed based on WS2. Two dimensional-layered semiconductor WS2 materials under thermal excitation can promote the primary decomposition of TKX-50 by enhancing the H-transfer progress.

In situgeneration of a Ti3C2Tx(Tx= F, O and OH) MXene decorated CuO nanocomposite with extraordinary catalytic activity for TKX-50 thermal decomposition

“…Consequently, under the influence of catalyst, the N-H bond energy on TKX-50 hydroxylamine will be reduced and is easier to break so that H + can be transferred faster to BTO. Therefore, according to the existing catalytic theory, 41 the H + transfer process of hydroxylamine will be easier during the initial decomposition of TKX-50, which is a significant reason for the earlier decomposition peak temperature.…”

“…The results showed that the main gas products of TKX-50 were ammonia, H 2 O, N 2 /CO, N 2 O and CO 2 according to different m/z values (m/z = 17, m/z = 18, m/ z = 28, m/z = 30 and m/z = 44), which were consistent with those reported in the literature. 24,47,48 In the TG-MS curve with the addition of I-Ti 3 C 2 T x /CuO, the mild peak of each m/z during decomposition became sharper and earlier with increased intensity compared with pure TKX-50, indicating that 41,47 The presence of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene influences the bond energy of the TKX-50 molecule, which makes it easier to break and accelerate the decomposition reaction process with good catalytic effect. In this context, I-Ti 3 C 2 T x /CuO has a better synergistic catalytic effect than MXene and CuO, and its presence accelerates the transfer of H+ even more and the generation of gas products, thus reflecting the excellent catalytic effect.…”

“…Thermokinetic calculations using the base Kissinger fitting method (eqn (1)) can be used to evaluate the kinetics of the thermal decomposition reaction of TKX-50 and its complexation reaction with catalysts, 25,41 where the samples were run at different ramp rates from 5 to 20 1C min À1 before fitting (Fig. S8, ESI †).…”

Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic behaviour of nano‐bimetallic nickel oxide on the thermal decomposition of dihydroxylammonium‐5,5′‐bistetrazole‐1,1′‐diolate

“…The preliminary study, Fe exhibited excellent catalytic activity for thermal decomposition of energetic ionic salts, including TKX‐50 11‐13 . Up to now, metal oxides have been reported as combustion catalysts 13‐21 . In recent years, however, bimetallic oxide has shown good catalytic activity 10,22‐24 .…”

“…[11][12][13] Up to now, metal oxides have been reported as combustion catalysts. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] In recent years, however, bimetallic oxide has shown good catalytic activity. 10,[22][23][24] In the field of energetic material catalysis, the catalytic behaviour of bimetallic oxides as catalysts has attracted a large amount of attention.…”