Preparation of Copper (II) Containing Phosphomolybdic Acid Salt as Catalyst for the Synthesis of Biodiesel by Esterification

Heteropoly acid-encapsulated metal–organic framework as a stable and highly efficient nanocatalyst for esterification reaction

“…[13][14][15][16] However, bulk heteropolyacids have low specic surface area and are soluble in polar organic media that make their recycling difficult. In order to avert these drawbacks, multiple approaches were attempted to modify the heteropolyacids, for instance, embedding them into supports, 17 partial or full substitution of the heteropolyacids' H + with large monovalent ions, 18 and graing on functionalized surfaces. 19 Nevertheless, the preparation of stable encapsulated heteropolyacids that do not leach in polar organic media is urgently required.…”

Facile Synthesis of Ferric-Modified Phosphomolybdic Acid Composite Catalysts for Biodiesel Production with Response Surface Optimization

“…In our previous study, Ag + -, NH 4 + -, and Cu 2+ -doped HPAs were successfully used as efficient catalysts in esterification reaction. 24,25 As far as we know, the use of iron(III)-doped phosphomolybdic acid (H 3 PMo) as a catalyst in esterification reaction for the production of biodiesel is still lacking.…”

“…Thus, from the above observation, the changing surface morphology of the Fe 1 PMo catalyst was probably due to the exchange of protons with iron(III) ions, which is consistent with previous reports. 25 2.2. Single-Factor Experiments for Esterification.…”

Iron (II) impregnated double-shelled hollow mesoporous silica as acid-base bifunctional catalyst for the conversion of low-quality oil to methyl esters

“… Cai et al (2018). andSamart et al (2010) also mentioned that excess catalyst 262 may also disturbed the mixing between the reactants, due to stronger adsorption of the reactants to the catalyst[35,36]. Experimental matrix at the optimum catalyst loading mc = 6% (w/w)…”