Preparation of biochar as a coating material for biochar-coated urea

Jia, Yiman; Hu, Zhengyi; Mu, Jing; Zhang, Wantong; Xie, Zijian; Wang, Guoxi

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139063

Cited by 41 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Recently, three methods for enhancing the sustained release mechanism have been developed, with the primary goal of reducing nutrient leaching and increasing nitrogen use efficiency. The first approach, either biochar alone or in combination with another material, is used to coat conventional fertilisers such as urea (Jia et al 2020 ; Mikos-Szymańska et al 2019 ; Chen et al 2018b ). The second technique involves coating the biochar with another material, such as organic matter.…”

Section: Agronomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar for agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, water treatment, soil remediation, construction, energy storage, and carbon sequestration: a review

et al. 2022

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In the context of climate change and the circular economy, biochar has recently found many applications in various sectors as a versatile and recycled material. Here, we review application of biochar-based for carbon sink, covering agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, environmental remediation, construction, and energy storage. The ultimate storage reservoirs for biochar are soils, civil infrastructure, and landfills. Biochar-based fertilisers, which combine traditional fertilisers with biochar as a nutrient carrier, are promising in agronomy. The use of biochar as a feed additive for animals shows benefits in terms of animal growth, gut microbiota, reduced enteric methane production, egg yield, and endo-toxicant mitigation. Biochar enhances anaerobic digestion operations, primarily for biogas generation and upgrading, performance and sustainability, and the mitigation of inhibitory impurities. In composts, biochar controls the release of greenhouse gases and enhances microbial activity. Co-composted biochar improves soil properties and enhances crop productivity. Pristine and engineered biochar can also be employed for water and soil remediation to remove pollutants. In construction, biochar can be added to cement or asphalt, thus conferring structural and functional advantages. Incorporating biochar in biocomposites improves insulation, electromagnetic radiation protection and moisture control. Finally, synthesising biochar-based materials for energy storage applications requires additional functionalisation.

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Section: Agronomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar for agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, water treatment, soil remediation, construction, energy storage, and carbon sequestration: a review

et al. 2022

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“…This finding is not surprising given that sorption and desorption of N on biochar surfaces is a rapid process often occurring on timescales of less than a day (Kizito et al 2015;Wang et al 2020). A fertilizer is considered as slow release if it releases less than 15% and 80% of its N after 24 h and 28 d, respectively (Jia et al 2020). A slow-release effect can be obtained either with fertilizer products of limited solubility (ISO.…”

Section: The Theory Of N-efficient Bcfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2015) or through coating with a protective layer that requires hydrolysis and/or biodegradation before the fertilizer is released (ISO 2015; Xiang et al 2020). Biochar has been tested as an ingredient in coating material for urea, showing promise for improving the slow-release effect, especially when using high-temperature biochars with high surface area (Jia et al 2020). However, the use of a conventional protective coating on top of the biochar layer appears crucial for obtaining this slow release effect (Jia et al 2020;Khajavi-Shojaei et al 2020).…”

Section: The Theory Of N-efficient Bcfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing plant N uptake with biochar-based fertilizers: limitation of sorption and prospects

et al. 2022

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Background Biochar-based fertilizer products (BCF) have been reported to increase both crop yield and N-use efficiency. Such positive effects are often assumed to result from the slow-release of N adsorbed on BCF structures. However, a careful review of the literature suggests that actual mechanisms remain uncertain, which hampers the development of efficient BCF products. Scope Here, we aim at reviewing BCF mechanisms responsible for enhanced N uptake by plants, and evaluate the potential for further improvement. We review the capacity of biochar structures to adsorb and release N forms, the biochar properties supporting this effect, and the methods that have been proposed to enhance this effect. Conclusions Current biochar products show insufficient sorption capacity for the retention of N forms to support the production of slow-release BCFs of high enough N concentration. Substantial slow-release effects appear to require conventional coating technology. Sorption capacity can be improved through activation and additives, but currently not to the extent needed for concentrated BCFs. Positive effects of commercial BCFs containing small amount of biochar appear to result from pyrolysis-derived biostimulants. Our review highlights three prospects for improving N retention: 1) sorption of NH3 gas on specifically activated biochar, 2) synergies between biochar and clay porosities, which might provide economical sorption enhancement, and 3) physical loading of solid N forms within biochar. Beyond proof of concept, quantitative nutrient studies are needed to ascertain that potential future BCFs deliver expected effects on both slow-release and N use efficiency.

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“…The formulation of biochar was reported in [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] rice straw (RS), vinasse (VI), Phyllostachys pubescens (PP), Arundo donax (AD), chicken manure (CM) and sugarcane bagasse (SB) residues. The samples were cut into pieces (<5 cm) or crushed and dried for 24 h to achieve a constant weight before pyrolysis.…”

Section: Formulation Morphology and Biochemistry Of Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, in [23], the same process of preparing biochar from Pine and Jarrah wood was indicated. The biochar obtained was alkaline in nature and had a large surface area, with tremendous porosity and molar ratio, e.g., C/N; H/C; and a large number of beneficial elements and organic matter, e.g., C, H, N, S, and O [20,22]. The aromaticity and the surface charge of the biochars decreased after coating with FA [15] and humic acid [12].…”

Section: Formulation Morphology and Biochemistry Of Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar Role in the Sustainability of Agriculture and Environment

et al. 2021

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The exercise of biochar in agribusiness has increased proportionally in recent years. It has been indicated that biochar application could strengthen soil fertility benefits, such as improvement in soil microbial activity, abatement of bulk density, amelioration of nutrient and water-holding capacity and immutability of soil organic matter. Additionally, biochar amendment could also improve nutrient availability such as phosphorus and nitrogen in different types of soil. Most interestingly, the locally available wastes are pyrolyzed to biochar to improve the relationship among plants, soil and the environment. This can also be of higher importance to small-scale farming, and the biochar produced can be utilized in farms for the improvement of crop productivity. Thus, biochar could be a potential amendment to a soil that could help in achieving sustainable agriculture and environment. However, before mainstream formulation and renowned biochar use, several challenges must be taken into consideration, as the beneficial impacts and potential use of biochar seem highly appealing. This review is based on confined knowledge taken from different field-, laboratory- and greenhouse-based studies. It is well known that the properties of biochar vary with feedstock, pyrolysis temperature (300, 350, 400, 500, and 600 °C) and methodology of preparation. It is of high concern to further investigate the negative consequences: hydrophobicity; large scale application in farmland; production cost, primarily energy demand; and environmental threat, as well as affordability of feedstock. Nonetheless, the current literature reflects that biochar could be a significant amendment to the agroecosystem in order to tackle the challenges and threats observed in sustainable agriculture (crop production and soil fertility) and the environment (reducing greenhouse gas emission).

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Preparation of biochar as a coating material for biochar-coated urea

Cited by 41 publications

References 41 publications

Biochar for agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, water treatment, soil remediation, construction, energy storage, and carbon sequestration: a review

Biochar for agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, water treatment, soil remediation, construction, energy storage, and carbon sequestration: a review

Enhancing plant N uptake with biochar-based fertilizers: limitation of sorption and prospects

Biochar Role in the Sustainability of Agriculture and Environment

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