Preparation of aminoalkyl‐grafted bacterial cellulose membranes with improved antimicrobial properties for biomedical applications

Junka

et al. 2021

IJMS

Local administration of antiseptics is required to prevent and fight against biofilm-based infections of chronic wounds. One of the methods used for delivering antiseptics to infected wounds is the application of dressings chemisorbed with antimicrobials. Dressings made of bacterial cellulose (BC) display several features, making them suitable for such a purpose. This work aimed to compare the activity of commonly used antiseptic molecules: octenidine, polyhexanide, povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, ethacridine lactate, and hypochlorous solutions and to evaluate their usefulness as active substances of BC dressings against 48 bacterial strains (8 species) and 6 yeast strains (1 species). A silver dressing was applied as a control material of proven antimicrobial activity. The methodology applied included the assessment of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), the modified disc-diffusion method, and the modified antibiofilm dressing activity measurement (A.D.A.M.) method. While in 96-well plate-based methods (MIC and MBEC assessment), the highest antimicrobial activity was recorded for chlorhexidine, in the modified disc-diffusion method and in the modified A.D.A.M test, povidone-iodine performed the best. In an in vitro setting simulating chronic wound conditions, BC dressings chemisorbed with polyhexanide, octenidine, or povidone-iodine displayed a similar or even higher antibiofilm activity than the control dressing containing silver molecules. If translated into clinical conditions, the obtained results suggest high applicability of BC dressings chemisorbed with antiseptics to eradicate biofilm from chronic wounds.

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Efficacy of Bacterial Cellulose Dressings Chemisorbed with Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Pathogens Isolated from Chronic Wounds

Junka

et al. 2021

IJMS

Regenerative Biomaterials

“…The FTIR spectrum of BC exhibited two characteristic peaks at 3343 and 2893 cm −1 , corresponding to stretching vibration of –OH and –CH 2 – group, respectively [ 27 , 30 ]. In addition, the peaks at 1158 and 1054 cm −1 were consistent with skeletal vibration of C–O–C pyranose ring [ 27 , 30 ]. For TA, a broad adsorption between 3500 and 3000 cm −1 was detected, ascribed to the stretching vibration of phenolic group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In brief, BC was first purified to remove impurities using the same approach as He et al . [ 27 ]. After purification, BC was cut into round pieces (diameter of 10 mm) and immersed in 15 ml, 4 mM TA solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the anti-biofilm activities of bacterial cellulose-tannic acid-magnesium chloride composites using an in vitro multispecies biofilm model

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2021

Self Cite

Chronic wounds are a serious worldwide problem, which are often accompanied by wound infections. In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC)-based composites introduced with tannic acid (TA) and magnesium chloride (BC-TA-Mg) were fabricated for anti-biofilm activities. The prepared composites' surface properties, mechanical capacity, thermal stability, water absorption and retention property, releasing behavior, anti-biofilm activities, and potential cytotoxicity were tested. Results show that TA and MgCl2 particles closely adhered to the nanofibers of BC membranes, thus increasing surface roughness and hydrophobicity of the membranes. While the introduction of TA and MgCl2 did not influence the transparency of the membranes, making it beneficial for wound inspection. BC-TA and BC-TA-Mg composites displayed increased tensile strength and elongation at break compared to pure BC. Moreover, BC-TA-Mg exhibited higher water absorption and retention capacity than BC and BC-TA, suitable for the absorption of wound exudates. BC-TA-Mg demonstrated controlled release of TA and good inhibitory effect on both singly-cultured S. aureus and P. aeruginosa biofilm and co-cultured biofilm of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity grade of BC-TA-6Mg membrane was eligible based on standard toxicity classifications. These indicated that BC-TA-Mg is potential to be used as wound dressings combating biofilms in chronic wounds.

“…Cellulose modified with aminoalkyl functional groups exhibit antibacterial activity [118,[127][128][129][130]. The modification takes place via the reaction with silanol groups as coupling agents.…”

Section: Aminoalkyl-modified Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Cellulose-based Materials for Biomedicine

Abdelhamid¹,

Mathew²

2022

Preprint

There are various biomaterials in nature, but none fulfills all the requirements. Cellulose, eco-friendly material-based biopolymers, have been advanced biomedicine to satisfy most market demand and circumvent many ecological concerns. This review aims to present an overview of the state of the art in cellulose's knowledge and technical biomedical applications. It included an extensive bibliography of recent research findings for fundamental and applied investigations. The chemical structure of cellulose allows modifications and simple conjugation with several materials, including nanoparticles, without tedious efforts. Cellulose-based materials were used for biomedicine applications such as antibacterial agents, antifouling, wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and bone regeneration. They advanced the applications to be cheap, biocompatible, biodegradable, easy for shaping and processing into different forms, with suitable chemical, mechanical and physical properties.