Preparation of a novel sulfonated carbon catalyst for the etherification of isopentene with methanol to produce tert-amyl methyl ether

Zhao, Yu; Wang, Hezhi; Zhao, Yupei; Shen, Jianyi

doi:10.1016/j.catcom.2010.03.001

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The large improvement in the catalytic activity is attributed both to the incorporation of sulfonic acid groups and also to other surface functional groups, in particular carboxylic acids, which cause an increase in hydrophilicity of the solid surface, favoring the adsorption of glycerol or TBA. Zhao and co-workers suggested the sulfonic acid groups as responsible for the improved conversion of glycerol to its ethers, in accordance with the results in Figure 5 [29,32]. However, there are significant differences in the catalytic activity with the extent of the chemical treatment.…”

Section: Catalytic Activity In the Etherification Of Glycerolsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Biodiesel wastes: An abundant and promising source for the preparation of acidic catalysts for utilization in etherification reaction

Gonçalves

Mantovani

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Environmentally friendly sulfonated black carbon (BC) catalysts were prepared from biodiesel waste, glycerol. These black carbons (BCs) contain a high amount of acidic groups, mainly sulfonated and oxygenated groups. Furthermore, these catalysts show a high catalytic activity in the glycerol etherification reaction with tertbutyl alcohol, the activity being larger for the sample prepared with a higher glycerol:sulfuric acid ratio (1:3). The yield for mono-tert-butyl glycerol (MTBG), ditert-butyl glycerol (DTBG) and tri-tert-butyl-glycerol (TTBG) were very similar to those obtained using a commercial resin, Amberlyst-15. Furthermore, experimental results show that the carbon with the lowest acidic surface group content, BC prepared in minor glycerol:sulfuric acid ratio (10:1), can be chemically treated after carbonization to achieve an improved catalytic activity. The activity of all BCs is high and very similar, about 50% and 20% for the MTBG and DTBG + TTBG, respectively.

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Section: Catalytic Activity In the Etherification Of Glycerolsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Furthermore, characteristic bands of asymmetric (1030cm -1 ) and symmetric (1175 cm -1 ) stretching of -SO 3 H groups are observed for the BC 1:3 and for all black carbons treated with sulfuric acid after carbonization, giving evidence for the treatment efficiency [29].…”

Section: Characterization Of the Synthesized Black Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Biodiesel wastes: An abundant and promising source for the preparation of acidic catalysts for utilization in etherification reaction

Gonçalves

Mantovani

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another band at 1701 cm −1 is characteristic of carboxylic group (−COOH) stretching modes [32][33][34]. Furthermore, characteristic bands of asymmetric (1030 cm −1 ) and symmetric (1175 cm −1 ) stretching of -SO 3 H groups were observed only for treated carbons, testifying the treatment efficiency [35]. In summary, these results show that it is possible to successfully produce acid catalysts based on carbonaceous materials from several industrial wastes.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Green acid catalyst obtained from industrial wastes for glycerol etherification

Gonçalves

Castro

Oliveira

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

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“…These properties in turn are directly infl uenced by the carbonization temperature (Konwar et al 2014 ). Apart from these there are numerous other reports on the preparation of similar sulfonated carbons catalysts, by one-step hydrothermal carbonization/ sulfonation (Xiao et al 2010 ), polymerization followed by sulfonation and carbonization (Zhao et al 2010 ), by the thermal treatment of p -toluene sulfonic acid (Zhang et al 2010 ) etc.…”

Section: Sulfonation Of Activated Catalystmentioning

confidence: 98%