Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Macrocrystalline and Nanocrystalline Cellulose as Potential Corrosion Inhibitors for SS316 Alloy during Acid Pickling Process: Experimental and Computational Methods

Abstract

Converting low-cost bio-plant residuals into high-value reusable nanomaterials such as microcrystalline cellulose is an important technological and environmental challenge. In this report, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was prepared by acid hydrolysis of macrocrystalline cellulose (CEL). The newly synthesized nanomaterials were fully characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques including FE-SEM, FT-IR, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, and BET surface area. Morphological portrayal showed the rod-shaped structure for NCC with an average diameter of 10–25 nm in thickness as well as length 100–200 nm. The BET surface area of pure CEL and NCC was found to be 10.41 and 27 m2/g, respectively. The comparative protection capacity of natural polymers CEL and NCC towards improving the SS316 alloy corrosion resistance has been assessed during the acid pickling process by electrochemical (OCP, PDP, and EIS), and weight loss (WL) measurements. The outcomes attained from the various empirical methods were matched and exhibited that the protective efficacy of these polymers augmented with the upsurge in dose in this order CEL (93.1%) < NCC (96.3%). The examined polymers display mixed-corrosion inhibition type features by hindering the active centers on the metal interface, and their adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm model. Surface morphology analyses by SEM reinforced the adsorption of polymers on the metal substrate. The Density Functional Theory (DFT) parameters were intended and exhibited the anti-corrosive characteristics of CEL and NCC polymers. A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation study revealed that CEL and NCC polymers are resolutely adsorbed on the SS316 alloy surface and forming a powerful adsorbed protective layer.

Experimental and In-Silico Computational Modeling of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Functionalized by Gelatin as an Eco-Friendly Anti-Corrosion Barrier on X60 Steel Alloys in Acidic Environments

“…Finally, the protection ability of the CeO 2 @gelatin molecule for the corrosion of the steel surface is associated with its molecular surface area. The corrosion prevention ability improved as the molecular area is augmented owing to the increase of the steel surface area covered with the inhibitor molecule [55]. As shown in Table 3, the CeO 2 @gelatin molecule had larger molecular surface area (3092.08 Å 2 ) than the CeO 2 and gelatin molecules, which reinforces the corrosion inhibition efficiency for the CeO 2 @gelatin molecule.…”

Facile Synthesis and Characterization of CeO2-Nanoparticle-Loaded Carboxymethyl Cellulose as Efficient Protective Films for Mild Steel: A Comparative Study of Experiential and Computational Findings

“…Lastly, the protection proficiency of the CeO 2 -CMC molecule for corrosion of the MS surface is correlated with its molecular surface area. The corrosion protection capability improved as the molecular area was enhanced because of the increase in MS surface area shielded with adsorbed inhibitor molecules [ 79 ]. As shown in Table 3 , the CeO 2 -CMC molecule had a greater molecular surface area (2741.52 Å 2 ) than CeO 2 and CMC molecules, which boosts the corrosion protection proficiency of the CeO 2 -CMC molecule.…”

Experimental and Computational Exploration of Chitin, Pectin, and Amylopectin Polymers as Efficient Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in an Acidic Environment: Kinetic, Thermodynamic, and Mechanistic Aspects

“…Carbohydrate polymers have been advertised as a class of molecules that can protect metals from corrosion by acting as good inhibitors over other chemicals due to their inherent stability, the presence of multiple adsorption sites, availability, relatively lower cost, and environmentally friendly nature [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Corrosion inhibition by carbohydrate polymers has a unique inhibiting mechanism to counteract corrosion through adsorption on the surfaces of metals via specific centers of adsorption and through forming a shielding layer that protects it from aggressive environments.…”

“…The geometrical configuration and functional groups of these biopolymers are the main factors influencing their corrosion-inhibiting effects [ 29 ]. In light of the abovementioned facts, some research groups in recent decades reported that carbohydrate polymers were utilized as proficient corrosion inhibitors in diversity media [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Phosphorylated chitin was investigated as a corrosion inhibitor for steel in a neutral medium [ 22 ].…”

“…In light of the abovementioned facts, some research groups in recent decades reported that carbohydrate polymers were utilized as proficient corrosion inhibitors in diversity media [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Phosphorylated chitin was investigated as a corrosion inhibitor for steel in a neutral medium [ 22 ]. Pectin was found to be a hopeful green corrosion inhibitor in various corrosive media depending on its source, molecular weight, and degree of esterification [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”