Preparation and Sintering Behavior of the Tin‐Doped Indium Oxide Nanopowders

Abstract

Tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO) nanopowders with 90±3 and 40±3 nm particle size were prepared by the urea‐based hydrothermal under a low‐pressure method. The sintering behavior of the as‐prepared ITO powder was studied at temperature from 1200° to 1500°C. The sintered ITO targets with large dimensions of 500 mm × 300 mm × 6 mm made from the as‐prepared 90 and 40 nm powders with w90 nm:w40 nm=70:30 had high density (99.7% of the theoretical density) and low specific electrical resistivity (120 μΩ·cm). The as‐prepared powders were favorable to commercial fabrication of the high‐density ITO targets.

Transparent indium tin oxide as inkjet‐printed thin film electrodes for organic field‐effect transistors

“…The films were nanocrystalline with a crystallite size of about 12–14 nm. This is in accordance with earlier studies indicating that complete densification can only be achieved significantly above temperatures of 800 °C 20, 21. All diffraction peaks can be attributed to the expected bixbyite phase.…”

Solid state sintering of nano-crystalline indium tin oxide

“…appeared in the literature. 8,9 There has also been a growing interest in depositing thin films from suspensions containing ITO nanoparticles in the recent years, which is believed to give less brittle films than sputtering. 10 A subsequent heat treatment step is necessary in order to obtain sufficient conductivity.…”

Study on Needles and Cracks of Tin-doped Indium Oxide Tablets for Electron Beam Evaporation Process

“…As shown in Figure 3a, the microstructure indicates that the modified ITO tablets are composed of dense blocky grains (region A) and loose pores (region B). Figure 3b and Figure 3c indicate that the dense blocky regions resemble the dense structure of an high density ITO ceramic target 15 , a few pores exist in the grain boundaries. Figure 3d and Figure 3e indicate that the loose porous regions is similar with the microstructure of porous ceramic 16 , a number of pores exist in the grain boundaries.…”