Preparation and properties of lowest eutectic mixture MTNP/TNAZ

Song, Xiaolan; Kou, Yong; Wang, Yi; Cheng, Zhipeng; Li, Fengsheng

doi:10.1080/07370652.2020.1840666

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Overall, the functional group of the MeNQ‐NQ eutectic was essentially consistent with the raw MeNQ and NQ, an indication that the two were well combined. There were no new groups generated, implying that MeNQ and NQ did not react with each other [50, 51].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methyl nitroguanidine (MeNQ) [9][10][11][12][13][14], 3,4-dinitrofurazanfuroxan (DNTF) [15][16][17][18], and 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine (TNAZ) [19][20][21][22] based energetic eutectics have been reported over the past 30 years. TNAZ-DNTF eutectic has high thermal stability and energy level but due to the high sensitivity of DNTF its friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity are slightly higher than TNT and B explosives [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal behavior and microstructure of a Methylnitroguanidine‐Nitroguanidine energetic eutectic

You

Chen

Liao

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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To shed light on the structure-property relationship of a methylnitroguanidine (MeNQ)-nitroguanidine (NQ) eutectic, its thermal behavior and microstructure were studied by various techniques. The eutectic composition of MeNQ-NQ with the lowest melting temperature (T m ) of 149.9 °C was at the mole ratio of 7 : 3, as determined by temperature-composition (T-X) and melting enthalpy-composition (H-X) diagrams. The MeNQ-NQ eutectic exhibited a homogeneous network structure composed of the plate-shaped MeNQ and acicular NQ enriched phases that resulted in a uniform melting around the T m observed by in situ variable temperature optical microscopy. The X-ray diffraction from MeNQ-NQ eutectic showed peaks that were shifted to low scattering angle, an indication of the expansion of its crystal lattice and the formation of solid solutions. Small-angle X-ray scattering from the sample showed a rough interface between the MeNQ-and NQ-enriched phases. Infrared spectral data showed absorption peaks due to À NH 2 and À CH 3 groups that were red shifted relative to the raw materials, an indication of hydrogen bond interactions between MeNQ and NQ molecules.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal behavior and microstructure of a Methylnitroguanidine‐Nitroguanidine energetic eutectic

You

Chen

Liao

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…Table 3 shows that the main thermal decomposition products of the raw material TNBA were CO, N 4. Figure 10a shows plots of the burst temperature versus time for raw materials TNBA and DNTF and the lowest eutectic, Figure 10b shows linear regression data for plots of ln(t) versus 1000/T calculated according to Equation (10) [36,37], and Figure 10c shows the calculated activation energies and 5 s burst temperature calculated according to Equation (10).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The activation energy values obtained by the fitting formula in Figure 8d and Equation (10) differed. This was due to the various testing methodologies [37, 38]. Figure 11 shows the impact sensitivities and friction sensitivities of the raw materials TNBA and DNTF and the lowest eutectic.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Testing for Lowest Eutectic Mixture of TNBA/DNTF

Song

Kou

et al. 2022

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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In this work, electrostatic spraying was used to prepare TNBA/DNTF eutectic mixtures with different mass ratios. The T−X phase diagram and the H−X phase diagram were drawn from the DSC curves of the eutectic mixtures. The morphology, composition, structure, thermal decomposition properties, mechanical sensitivity, thermal sensitivity, and detonation properties of the lowest eutectic were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (IR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis‐mass spectrometry (TG‐MS), thermal sensitivity tests, mechanical sensitivity tests, and detonation performance calculations. The results showed that the best molar ratio of TNBA to DNTF was 59.41 : 40.59, whereas the best mass ratio was 60.17 : 39.83. The microscopic morphology was free of sharp edges and corners, the component proportions were the same as before electrostatic spraying, the surface elements were evenly distributed, and the crystal structure was essentially the same as those of the raw materials. The melting temperature was 352.0 K, which was 21.0 K and 33.1 K lower than those of the TNBA and DNTF raw materials, respectively. The thermal decomposition reaction rate constant (k), activation energy (EK), and preexponential factor (AK) of the lowest eutectic were 0.398 s−1, 81.34 kJ ⋅ mol−1, and 4.86×107 s−1, respectively. In the lowest eutectic, the component TNBA began to thermally decompose first, followed by DNTF. The main decomposition products of the lowest eutectic were CH4, H2O, H2, CO, N2, NH3, CO2, and N2O, with a small amount of C. The impact sensitivity (H50), friction sensitivity (P), and 5 s explosion temperature (T5s) of the lowest eutectic mixture were 39.7 cm, 28 %, and 563 K, respectively. Its detonation performance (OB=−36.52 %, QD=−4658 kJ ⋅ kg−1, vD=7598.37 m ⋅ s−1) was intermediate between those of TNBA and DNTF. The main detonation products were CO2, N2, CO, C(d), H2O, Br, and CH2O2.

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“…Techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and specific surface area testing (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method), can only analyze the relative dispersity of the samples and cannot quantitatively analyze the dispersity of nanomaterials. [32][33][34][35][36] Therefore, a quantitative analysis method for evaluating the dispersity of nanomaterials is necessary. Our group proposed a mechanism based on the differences in solid UV absorbance between different ener-getic materials and established a difference equation to quantitatively analyze the dispersity of nanomaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The positive correlation between the dispersion and catalytic performance of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles in nano-Fe₂O₃–ultrafine AP energetic composites supported by solid UV-vis spectroscopy

Kou,

Luo,

Xiao

et al. 2023

Dalton Trans.

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Preparation and properties of lowest eutectic mixture MTNP/TNAZ

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Thermal behavior and microstructure of a Methylnitroguanidine‐Nitroguanidine energetic eutectic

Thermal behavior and microstructure of a Methylnitroguanidine‐Nitroguanidine energetic eutectic

Characterization and Testing for Lowest Eutectic Mixture of TNBA/DNTF

The positive correlation between the dispersion and catalytic performance of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles in nano-Fe₂O₃–ultrafine AP energetic composites supported by solid UV-vis spectroscopy

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Preparation and properties of lowest eutectic mixture MTNP/TNAZ

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Thermal behavior and microstructure of a Methylnitroguanidine‐Nitroguanidine energetic eutectic

Thermal behavior and microstructure of a Methylnitroguanidine‐Nitroguanidine energetic eutectic

Characterization and Testing for Lowest Eutectic Mixture of TNBA/DNTF

The positive correlation between the dispersion and catalytic performance of Fe2O3 nanoparticles in nano-Fe2O3–ultrafine AP energetic composites supported by solid UV-vis spectroscopy

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The positive correlation between the dispersion and catalytic performance of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles in nano-Fe₂O₃–ultrafine AP energetic composites supported by solid UV-vis spectroscopy