Preparation and in vitro evaluation of PLA/biphasic calcium phosphate filaments used for fused deposition modelling of scaffolds

Nevado, P.; Lopera, Alex; Bezzon, Vinícius Danilo Nonato; Fulla, M.R.; Palacio, J.; Zaghete, Maria Aparecida; Biasotto, Glenda; Montoya, Andrés; Rivera, Jaime Rodrigo; Robledo, Sara M.; Estupiñán, Hugo Armando; Paucar, Carlos; Garćıa, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2020.111013

Cited by 51 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In biomedicine, biocompatible hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose-reinforced polylactide composites [46] and new bioinspired structures have been successfully printed by FDM [38,47]. Different types of PLA scaffolds [48][49][50] and non-toxic and biocompatible filaments of polylactic PLA-biphasic calcium phosphates composites obtained by hot melt extrusion (HME) were also shown to be suitable for FDM of scaffolds in the field of tissue engineering [51]. 3D-printed PLA-stainless-steel polymeric composites have been fabricated for biomedical applications [52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused deposition modelling: Current status, methodology, applications and future prospects

Cano-Vicent

Tambuwala

Hassan³

et al. 2021

Additive Manufacturing

180

126

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused deposition modelling: Current status, methodology, applications and future prospects

Cano-Vicent

Tambuwala

Hassan³

et al. 2021

Additive Manufacturing

180

126

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“…For more than a decade now, our group has made significant efforts in developing biocomposites for potential use in orthopedics and dentistry. , Typically, these composites consist of at least a polymer and a bioceramic component. In the majority of the cases, the polymer component was chosen to be polylactic acid (PLA) and the bioceramic component was selected to be calcium phosphate (CaP). , For instance, Zhou et al developed a PLA/carbonated calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (PLA/CDHA) biocomposite and observed higher biocompatibility and bioactivity for PLA/CDHA as compared to PLA. In addition, the incorporation of CDHA in the PLA matrix accelerated the PLA degradation rate and buffered the reduction in pH caused by the degradation byproducts .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused Filament Fabrication (Three-Dimensional Printing) of Amorphous Magnesium Phosphate/Polylactic Acid Macroporous Biocomposite Scaffolds

Elhattab

Bhaduri

Lawrence

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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The ultimate goal of this paper is to develop novel ceramic-polymer-based biocomposite orthopedic scaffolds with the help of additive manufacturing. Specifically, we incorporate a bioceramic known as amorphous magnesium phosphate (AMP) into polylactic acid (PLA) with the help of the melt-blending technique. Magnesium phosphate (MgP) was chosen as the bioactive component as previous studies have confirmed its favorable biomaterial properties, especially in orthopedics. Special care was taken to develop constant diameter AMP-PLA composite filaments, which would serve as feedstock for a fused filament fabrication (FFF)-based three-dimensional (3D) printer. Before the filaments were used for FFF, a thorough set of characterization protocols comprising of phase analysis, microstructure evaluations, thermal analysis, rheological analysis, and in vitro degradation determinations was performed on the biocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results confirmed a homogenous dispersion of AMP particles in the PLA matrix. Rheological studies demonstrated good printability behavior of the AMP-PLA filaments. In vitro degradation studies indicated a faster degradation rate in the case of AMP-PLA filaments as compared to the single phase PLA filaments. Subsequently, the filaments were fed into an FFF setup, and tensile bars and design-specific macroporous AMP-PLA scaffolds were printed. The biocomposite exhibited favorable mechanical properties. Furthermore, in vitro cytocompatibility results revealed higher pre-osteoblast cell attachment and proliferation on AMP-PLA scaffolds as compared to single-phase PLA scaffolds. Altogether, this study provides a proof of concept that design-specific bioactive AMP-PLA biocomposite scaffolds fabricated by FFF can be potential candidates as medical implants in orthopedics.

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“…Given the current socioeconomic advances, the efforts in most engineering lines are guided toward the development of renewable feedstocks, including for the biomaterials field [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Specifically, it was reported that with the rapid aging of the population and the irreversible effect of damaged bones due to the related osteoporosis, tumor resections, and congenital defects or accident-induced trauma, the number of medical interventions for tissue restoration is spiraling annually [ 2 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This translates to the application of AM techniques to a restricted range of polymers. For example, the most popular method used in orthopedics, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)/Fused Filler Fabrication (FFF), requires typical materials with thermoplastic properties (e.g., poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)) necessary for extrusion in the form of filaments at specific temperatures through different-sized nozzles [ 2 , 7 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Among them, only PLA is of natural origin (derived from maize, beet, or sugarcane) and is also approved by the Food and Drug Administration as biocompatible, biodegradable, nontoxic, and overall patient-risk-free [ 3 , 8 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ceramic Particles Size and Ratio on Surface—Volume Features of the Naturally Derived HA-Reinforced Filaments for Biomedical Applications

Mocanu

Miculescu

Dascălu

et al. 2022

JFB

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The intersection of the bone tissue reconstruction and additive manufacturing fields promoted the advancement to a prerequisite and new feedstock resource for high-performance bone-like-scaffolds manufacturing. In this paper, the proposed strategy was directed toward the use of bovine-bone-derived hydroxyapatite (HA) for surface properties enhancement and mechanical features reinforcement of the poly(lactic acid) matrix for composite filaments extrusion. The involvement of completely naturally derived materials in the technological process was based on factors such as sustainability, low cost, and a facile and green synthesis route. After the HA isolation and extraction from bovine bones by thermal processing, milling, and sorting, two dependent parameters—the HA particles size (<40 μm, <100 μm, and >125 μm) and ratio (0–50% with increments of 10%)—were simultaneously modulated for the first time during the incorporation into the polymeric matrix. The resulting melt mixtures were divided for cast pellets and extruded filaments development. Based on the obtained samples, the study was further designed to examine several key features by complementary surface–volume characterization techniques. Hence, the scanning electron microscopy and micro-CT results for all specimens revealed a uniform and homogenous dispersion of HA particles and an adequate adhesion at the ceramic/polymer interface, without outline pores, sustained by the shape and surface features of the synthesized ceramic particles. Moreover, an enhanced wettability (contact angle in the ~70−21° range) and gradual mechanical takeover were indicated once the HA ratio increased, independent of the particles size, which confirmed the benefits and feasibility of evenly blending the natural ceramic/polymeric components. The results correlation led to the selection of optimal technological parameters for the synthesis of adequate composite filaments destined for future additive manufacturing and biomedical applications.

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Preparation and in vitro evaluation of PLA/biphasic calcium phosphate filaments used for fused deposition modelling of scaffolds

Cited by 51 publications

References 62 publications

Fused deposition modelling: Current status, methodology, applications and future prospects

Fused deposition modelling: Current status, methodology, applications and future prospects

Fused Filament Fabrication (Three-Dimensional Printing) of Amorphous Magnesium Phosphate/Polylactic Acid Macroporous Biocomposite Scaffolds

Influence of Ceramic Particles Size and Ratio on Surface—Volume Features of the Naturally Derived HA-Reinforced Filaments for Biomedical Applications

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