Abstract:We report the preparation and dielectric properties of ceramic-polymer composites using Ba 0.95 Ca 0.05 Ti 0.8 Zr 0.2 O 3 ͑BCTZ͒ as a ceramic filler and polyethersulfone ͑PES͒ as a polymer matrix. The BCTZ powders were synthesized by a sol-gel method to fabricate BCZT-PES composites. The composites with various BCTZ volume fractions were prepared by a solution mixing and hot-pressing method. The composite with 50 vol % BCTZ showed high dielectric constant ͑ = 48.80͒ and low loss ͑tan ␦ = 0.042͒ at 1 kHz and ro… Show more
“…The observed variations in the permittivity and the dissipation factor versus frequency ( Figure 5) are typical for dielectric materials. 20 The rapid decrease at low frequencies (100 Hz-100 kHz) is consistent with the relaxation of interfacial polarization, while the slight decline from 100 kHz reflects the effect of the orientational polarization ( Figure 5(a)). 21 As expected, the permittivity increases with an increase in the filler fraction.…”
BaTiO3/hyperbranched polyester/methacrylate core-shell nanoparticles were studied by varying the shell thickness and the methacrylate ratio. We demonstrated that coalescence typically observed in traditional composites employing polymer matrices is significantly reduced. By modifying the shell thickness, the equivalent filler fraction was tuned from 7 wt. % to 41 wt. %. Obtained permittivities were compared with reported models for two-phase mixtures. The nonlinear behavior of the dielectric constant as a function of the equivalent filler fraction has been fitted with the Bruggeman equation. Methacrylate groups reduce by a decade the loss factor by improving nanoparticles adhesion. The permittivity reaching 85 at 1 kHz makes core-shell nanoparticles a promising material for embedded capacitors.
“…The observed variations in the permittivity and the dissipation factor versus frequency ( Figure 5) are typical for dielectric materials. 20 The rapid decrease at low frequencies (100 Hz-100 kHz) is consistent with the relaxation of interfacial polarization, while the slight decline from 100 kHz reflects the effect of the orientational polarization ( Figure 5(a)). 21 As expected, the permittivity increases with an increase in the filler fraction.…”
BaTiO3/hyperbranched polyester/methacrylate core-shell nanoparticles were studied by varying the shell thickness and the methacrylate ratio. We demonstrated that coalescence typically observed in traditional composites employing polymer matrices is significantly reduced. By modifying the shell thickness, the equivalent filler fraction was tuned from 7 wt. % to 41 wt. %. Obtained permittivities were compared with reported models for two-phase mixtures. The nonlinear behavior of the dielectric constant as a function of the equivalent filler fraction has been fitted with the Bruggeman equation. Methacrylate groups reduce by a decade the loss factor by improving nanoparticles adhesion. The permittivity reaching 85 at 1 kHz makes core-shell nanoparticles a promising material for embedded capacitors.
“…The mixing was much difficult in the case of nano composites at higher loadings due to the higher specific surface area of the nano particles [16]. The compositions for BR/BT-0, BR/BT-1, BR/BT-2, BR/BT-3, BR/BT-4, BR/BT-5, BR/BT-6, BR/nBT-0, BR/nBT-1, BR/ nBT-2, BR/nBT-3, BR/nBT-4 and BR/nBT-5 are given in Table 2.…”
Butyl rubber-micron barium titanate (BR/BT) and butyl rubber-nano barium titanate (BR/nBT) composites were prepared by sigma mixing followed by hot pressing. The tensile tests show that both the composites were mechanically flexible. The microwave dielectric properties of both BR/BT and BR/nBT composites were investigated as a function of ceramic loading and were found to be improved with filler content. The butyl rubber has a relative permittivity (e r ) of 2.4 and loss tangent (tan d) of 0.0017 at 5 GHz. At a filler loading of 0.24 volume fraction (v f ) of micron sized barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) powder loading, the composite attained a e r of 7 and tan d of 0.014 and for the same filler content of nano BaTiO 3 the composite have e r of 8.9 and tan d of 0.019 at 5 GHz. The thermal and mechanical properties of both the composites were investigated. The experimental values of e r of both BR/BT and BR/nBT composites for different volume fractions were compared with theoretical models.
“…Furthermore, BaTiO 3 is a bioceramic material without any toxic or volatile elements, and its properties can be easily tailored by site engineering [14,19]. However, BaTiO 3 exhibits low dielectric properties compared to lead-based materials and its dielectric constant below the Curie temperature (T c = 393 K) rapidly drops due to the tetragonal/cubic phase transition [20,21]. To overcome the drawback, the Ba 1-x Ca x Zr y Ti 1-y O 3 system is engineered by introducing Ca 2+ and Zr 4+ into the crystal lattice of BaTiO 3 , to replace Ba 2+ and Ti 4+ , respectively, with improved dielectric properties due to enhanced relaxor behavior of Ba 1-x Ca x Zr y Ti 1-y O 3 ceramics [22][23][24][25][26].…”
Ba 0.85 Ca 0.15 Zr 0.10 Ti 0.90 O 3 (BCZT) lead-free ceramics demonstrated excellent dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). So far, to study the effect of morphological changes on dielectric and ferroelectric properties in lead-free BCZT ceramics, researchers have mostly focused on the influence of spherical grain shape change. In this study, BCZT ceramics with rod-like grains and aspect ratio of about 10 were synthesized by surfactant-assisted solvothermal route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) performed at room temperature confirm the crystallization of pure perovskite with tetragonal symmetry. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image showed that BCZT ceramics have kept the 1D rod-like grains with an average aspect ratio of about 4. Rod-like BCZT ceramics exhibit enhanced dielectric ferroelectric (ε r = 11,906, tanδ = 0.014, P r = 6.01 µC/cm², and E c = 2.46 kV/cm), and electrocaloric properties (ΔT = 0.492 K and = 0.289 (Kmm)/kV at 17 kV/cm) with respect to spherical BCZT ceramics. Therefore, rod-like BCZT lead-free ceramics have good potential to be used in solid-state refrigeration technology. Keywords: lead-free Ba 0.85 Ca 0.15 Zr 0.10 Ti 0.90 O 3 (BCZT); rod-like Ba 0.85 Ca 0.15 Zr 0.10 Ti 0.90 O 3 (BCZT); dielectric; ferroelectric; electrocaloric effect
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