Preparation and properties of BaTiO3 filled butyl rubber composites for flexible electronic circuit applications

Abstract

Butyl rubber-micron barium titanate (BR/BT) and butyl rubber-nano barium titanate (BR/nBT) composites were prepared by sigma mixing followed by hot pressing. The tensile tests show that both the composites were mechanically flexible. The microwave dielectric properties of both BR/BT and BR/nBT composites were investigated as a function of ceramic loading and were found to be improved with filler content. The butyl rubber has a relative permittivity (e r ) of 2.4 and loss tangent (tan d) of 0.0017 at 5 GHz. At a filler loading of 0.24 volume fraction (v f ) of micron sized barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) powder loading, the composite attained a e r of 7 and tan d of 0.014 and for the same filler content of nano BaTiO 3 the composite have e r of 8.9 and tan d of 0.019 at 5 GHz. The thermal and mechanical properties of both the composites were investigated. The experimental values of e r of both BR/BT and BR/nBT composites for different volume fractions were compared with theoretical models.

Characterization of PMMA/BaTiO3 Composite Layers Through Printed Capacitor Structures for Microwave Frequency Applications

“…C, respectively. Similar trend can be observed in [15] and [24] as relative permittivity and loss tangent increased with increasing BaTiO 3 contents in butyl rubber-BaTiO 3 composites. It has been reported likewise in [31] that the dielectric constant of BaTiO 3 -polyvinylidene fluoride composite film increases with an increase in the particle volume fraction from 20 to 30 vol.%.…”

“…To realize these systems, it is necessary to develop printable materials with low loss and sufficient permittivity values, especially for high-frequency applications [14]. Functional materials with suitable low loss and high relative permittivity do already exist, but they are high-temperature sintered [15], [16]. The high-temperature sintering or sputtering methods limit their practical usage on the flexible organic substrate.…”

“…Lately, several studies have been carried out in the field of dielectric properties of polymer-ferroelectric ceramic composites [17]- [23]. Some of the possible commercially available of polymer-ceramic composites are polystyrene, polyethlene, peek, PTFE as matrix materials with fillers such as alumina, glasses, titania, and silica [15]. Wang et al [24] prepared polyimide/barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) composite with different BaTiO 3 contents from 0 to 90 wt% (0-67.5 vol.%), which yielded relative permittivity ranging from 3.53 to 46.50 and loss tangent from 0.005 to 0.015 at the frequency of 10 kHz.…”

“…Balaraman et al [25] utilized hydrothermal process (<100°C) for the production of BaTiO 3 on titanium foils and measured to have a capacitance per area varying from 20 to 600 nF/cm 2 at 100 kHz with a loss tangent ranging from 0.03 to 0.8. Chameswary et al [15] reported the dielectric properties of BaTiO 3 butyl rubber filled composite processed at temperature 200°C. The composite exhibited relative permittivity of 3.5, loss tangent of 0.005 with 10 vol.%, permittivity of 8, and loss tangent of 0.02 with 30 vol.% at 5 GHz [15].…”

“…Chameswary et al [15] reported the dielectric properties of BaTiO 3 butyl rubber filled composite processed at temperature 200°C. The composite exhibited relative permittivity of 3.5, loss tangent of 0.005 with 10 vol.%, permittivity of 8, and loss tangent of 0.02 with 30 vol.% at 5 GHz [15]. Composite ink properties of BaTiO 3 -poly (vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethyene) were reported in [26].…”