Preparation and Characterization of ZnO Nanowires and their Applications in CO2 Gas Sensors

Habib, Muhammad; Hussain, Syed Sajjad; Riaz, Saira; Naseem, Shahzad

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2015.11.116

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This demonstrates an excellent recovery sensor. This type of behavior for ZnO as a CO 2 gas sensor has been discussed by several research groups [21,[57][58][59]. The minimum value of resistance decreases with an increase in the CO 2 concentrations from 30 to 150 sccm for both ZnO and ZnO/CNTs films.…”

Section: Dynamic Responsementioning

confidence: 66%

Fabrication of ZnO/CNTs for Application in CO2 Sensor at Room Temperature

et al. 2021

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Thin films of ZnO and ZnO/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are prepared and used as CO2 gas sensors. The spray pyrolysis method was used to prepare both ZnO and ZnO/CNTs films, with CNTs first prepared using the chemical vapor deposition method (CVD). The chemical structure and optical analyses for all the prepared nanomaterials were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV/Vis spectrophotometer devices, respectively. According to the XRD analysis, the crystal sizes of ZnO and ZnO/CNTs were approximately 50.4 and 65.2 nm, respectively. CNTs have average inner and outer diameters of about 3 and 13 nm respectively, according to the transmitted electron microscope (TEM), and a wall thickness of about 5 nm. The detection of CO2 is accomplished by passing varying rates of the gas from 30 to 150 sccm over the prepared thin-film electrodes. At 150 sccm, the sensitivities of ZnO and ZnO/CNTs sensors are 6.8% and 22.4%, respectively. The ZnO/CNTs sensor has a very stable sensitivity to CO2 gas for 21 days. Moreover, this sensor has a high selectivity to CO2 in comparison with other gases, in which the ZnO/CNTs sensor has a higher sensitivity to CO2 compared to H2 and C2H2.

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Section: Dynamic Responsementioning

confidence: 66%

Fabrication of ZnO/CNTs for Application in CO2 Sensor at Room Temperature

et al. 2021

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“…[ 8 ] Among these, MOS sensors are mostly investigated, due to their excellent sensitivity, very short response times, low cost, minimal noise, small size, low power consumption for adequate battery life, detection of both oxidizing and reducing gases, easy fabrication, and are excellent candidates for miniaturization with high portability. [ 9–11 ] There is a wide variety of metal oxides employed for CO 2 detection, including pristine materials: SnO 2 , [ 12 ] WO 3 , [ 13 ] ZnO, [ 14,15 ] TiO 2 , [ 16 ] CuO; [ 17 ] composites: SnO 2 /rGO, [ 18 ] TiO 2 /polyaniline, [ 19 ] NiO/CNT, [ 20 ] BaTiO 3 /CuO [ 21 ] ; doped materials: Sn‐doped CdO [ 22 ] La 2 O 3 ‐doped SnO 2 , [ 23 ] In‐doped ZnO. [ 24 ] ZnO is one of the MOS with most interest in the fields of sensors due to its ease of synthesis, relatively low cost, suitable direct bandgap (≈3.3 eV), large exciton binding energy (60 meV), and intrinsic oxygen vacancies abundance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gas sensing mechanism of each sample is also reported and discussed in detail. SnO 2 , [12] WO 3 , [13] ZnO, [14,15] TiO 2 , [16] CuO; [17] composites: SnO 2 /rGO, [18] TiO 2 /polyaniline, [19] NiO/CNT, [20] BaTiO 3 / CuO [21] ; doped materials: Sn-doped CdO [22] La 2 O 3 -doped SnO 2 , [23] In-doped ZnO. [24] ZnO is one of the MOS with most interest in the fields of sensors due to its ease of synthesis, relatively low cost, suitable direct bandgap (%3.3 eV), large exciton binding energy (60 meV), and intrinsic oxygen vacancies abundance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ZnO is one of the most reported materials which can be easily obtained by chemical synthesis methods with tunable morphology and present abundant surface oxygen vacancies which results in facile adsorption and desorption of atmospheric oxygen. [14,15] It is important to mention that pure ZnO sensors offer very poor selectivity, which is one of the most important parameters for utilizing the device in practical applications. Doping the sensing material is one of the effective ways reported to improve the selectivity of MOS gas sensors.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Carbon Dioxide Detectors based on Al‐ and Ni‐Doped ZnO

Lozano-Rosas

Hernandez

Elizalde-González

et al. 2022

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Humanity all around the world currently faces two serious challenges: global warming and the COVID-19 pandemic. It is well known that the earth's atmosphere is composed of greenhouse gases that act as a shielding blanket, keeping the global temperature in an optimal range. [1] The three main greenhouse gasses which have presented a significant increment in the course of the industrial period are carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O). [2] CO 2 plays a primary role in global warming because of its production due to a wide range of sources like manufacturing processes, automobiles, human respiration, decomposition, ocean release, etc. [3] In contrast, from December 2019 to date, the COVID-19 pandemic is causing a global impact on every sector of society. [4] One of the strategies of mitigation for the pandemic has been CO 2 concentration monitoring in enclosed spaces to measure indoor ventilation requirements and thus reduce the risk of contagion by the aerosol transmission of the virus. Also, it is clear that CO 2 monitoring has become mandatory to maintain air quality.The values of CO 2 concentration in outdoor ambient air are %400 ppm. [5] Regarding CO 2 concentrations in internal environments, the reality is different depending on the country, specific location, and ventilation system; however, according to the document "Recommendations for operation and maintenance of air conditioning and ventilation systems of buildings and premises for the prevention of the spread of SARS-Cov-2" from Spanish Ministry of Health, for good quality air, it is considered that the concentration of CO 2 in the indoor environment with respect to its concentration in the outdoor environment, should not be higher than 500 ppm. [6] ðCO 2 indoor À CO 2 outdoorÞ < 500 ppm CO 2(1)The first decade of the 21 st century was witness to massive production of sensors, [7] driven principally by the growing concern of global warming. However, new sensing technologies were emerged in the past decade, such as calorimetric sensors (CB), metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), conducting polymer sensors, electrochemical sensors (EC), metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS), optical sensors, quartz crystal microbalance (QMB), and surface acoustic wave (SAW). [8] Among these, MOS sensors are mostly investigated, due to their excellent sensitivity, very short response times, low cost, minimal noise, small size, low power consumption for adequate battery life, detection of both oxidizing and reducing gases, easy fabrication, and are excellent candidates for miniaturization with high portability. [9][10][11] There is a wide variety of metal oxides employed for CO 2 detection, including pristine materials:

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“…Furthermore, given that CO 2 is the product of metabolic activities of microorganisms, which contaminate food and increase the risk of diseases (Beatriz de Cássia Martins Salomão, 2018), the detection of CO 2 could be used as microbial specific marker and as an indicator of the quality and freshness of food products (Gobbi et al , 2010), extending their shelf life (Altun et al , 2021). The accurate sensing of CO 2 is also critical in health and clinically oriented sectors, including breath analyses for monitoring the patient’s inhalation and exhalation system and clinical trials (González-Garnica et al , 2021; Habib et al , 2015; Joshi et al , 2019). Other extremely important applications of CO 2 detectors are in industrial power plants (Habib et al , 2015), environmental incubators in biotechnological processes (Basyooni et al , 2017), process control in fermentation (Baik and Jang, 2020), clean energy technologies (Pantò et al , 2018), agricultural production and storage/shipping and mining (González-Garnica et al , 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZnO-based chemi-resistive sensors for CO₂ detection: a review

Stramarkou

Bardakas

Krokida

et al. 2022

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Purpose Carbon dioxide (CO2) has attracted special scientific interest over the last years mainly because of its relation to climate change and indoor air quality. Except for this, CO2 can be used as an indicator of food freshness, patients’ clinical state and fire detection. Therefore, the accurate monitoring and controlling of CO2 levels are imperative. The development of highly sensitive, selective and reliable sensors that can efficiently distinguish CO2 in various conditions of temperature, humidity and other gases’ interference is the subject of intensive research with chemi-resistive zinc oxide (ZnO)-based sensors holding a privileged position. Several ZnO nanostructures have been used in sensing applications because of their versatile features. However, the deficient selectivity and long-term stability remain major concerns, especially when operating at room temperature. This study aims to encompass an extensive study of CO2 chemi-resistive sensors based on ZnO, introducing the most significant advances of recent years and the best strategies for enhancing ZnO sensing properties. Design/methodology/approach An overview of the different ZnO nanostructures used for CO2 sensing and their synthesis methods is presented, focusing on the parameters that highly affect the sensing mechanism and, thus, the performance of CO2 sensors. Findings The selectivity and sensitivity of ZnO sensors can be enhanced by adjusting various parameters during their synthesis and by doping or treating ZnO with suitable materials. Originality/value This paper summarises the advances in the rapidly evolving field of CO2 sensing by ZnO sensors and provides research directions for optimised sensors in the future.

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Preparation and Characterization of ZnO Nanowires and their Applications in CO2 Gas Sensors

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Fabrication of ZnO/CNTs for Application in CO2 Sensor at Room Temperature

Fabrication of ZnO/CNTs for Application in CO2 Sensor at Room Temperature

Carbon Dioxide Detectors based on Al‐ and Ni‐Doped ZnO

ZnO-based chemi-resistive sensors for CO₂ detection: a review

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Preparation and Characterization of ZnO Nanowires and their Applications in CO2 Gas Sensors

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Fabrication of ZnO/CNTs for Application in CO2 Sensor at Room Temperature

Fabrication of ZnO/CNTs for Application in CO2 Sensor at Room Temperature

Carbon Dioxide Detectors based on Al‐ and Ni‐Doped ZnO

ZnO-based chemi-resistive sensors for CO2 detection: a review

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ZnO-based chemi-resistive sensors for CO₂ detection: a review