Preparation and characterization of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O3–Nb2O5/PbO2 thin film as electrode material for the degradation of phenol

Yang, Xiupei; Zou, Ruyi; Huo, Feng; Cai, Dongyu; Xiao, Dingquan

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.08.010

Cited by 156 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…3,4,11,28,37,40 . The slight displacement of the peaks when compared to the standard SnO 2 file may be a consequence of the formation of a solid solution due to the presence of antimony 11,28 . The polarization behavior of Ti/SnO 2 -Sb anodes in 0.34 mol.L -1 NaCl calcined at 400, 500 and 600 °C is presented in Figure 6.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were previously polished with 600-mesh emery paper and treated in a boiling solution of 10% (w/w) oxalic acid for 10 minutes 28 . Then, the plates were washed with deionized water, dried with a hot air blown and then stored in a vacuum sealed dissecator before being coated with the Sb doped SnO 2 film.…”

Section: Electrodes Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenol degradation was monitored by UV/Vis 28,33,34 at 269.5 nm. As hypochlorite band absorbs at the same wavelength region of phenol, its presence after electrolysis was suppressed by the addition of 0.1 mol.L -1 NaHSO 3 , according to Reaction 1: NaClO + NaHSO 3 → NaCl + NaHSO 4 (1)…”

Section: Electrochemical Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and characterization of Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode by Pechini's method for phenol oxidation

et al. 2011

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrodes Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and characterization of Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode by Pechini's method for phenol oxidation

et al. 2011

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“…[1][2][3][4] They are refractory to conventional treatment process and, in the presence of chlorine, they may produce chlorophenols, which are carcinogenic and even more refractory to degradation than the phenols themselves. [4][5][6] There are several available processes to treat effluents containing phenols, such as biological treatment, advanced oxidation processes, oxidation in supercritical water and electrochemical oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 The electrolytic process has shown to be an efficient low cost, an alternative to the treatment of several aqueous effluents containing organic and inorganic pollutants. 3,4,6,[10][11][12][13][14][15] In this process, different electrode materials, such as Ti/RuO 2 , Ti/IrO 2 , Pt, Ti/PbO 2 , borondoped diamond (BDD) and Ti/SnO 2 -Sb have been tested. Some authors [16][17][18] reported that the "active" electrodes such as Ti/RuO 2 and Ti/IrO 2 are not very effective for phenols degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrooxidation of Phenol on a Ti/RuO2 anode: effect of some electrolysis parameters

Santos¹,

Afonso²,

Dutra³

2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Foram investigadas as influências do tempo de eletrólise, da área anódica, da densidade de corrente e do tipo de eletrólito na degradação de fenol e de seus subprodutos de oxidação em anodo de Ti/RuO 2 . Foi observado que na presença de cloreto ocorreu rápida degradação de fenol e de seus subprodutos. Resultados de cromatografia gasosa/espectroscopia de massa (GC/MS) mostraram que a presença de cloreto levou à formação inicial de clorofenóis através do Cl 2 e/ou OCl¯ gerados durante a eletrólise. Entretanto, eles posteriormente atuaram na degradação dos clorofenóis. As concentrações limites estabelecidas pelo Órgão Ambiental Brasileiro (CONAMA) para descartes de fenol e clorofenóis foram obtidas após 360 min de eletrólise a uma densidade de corrente fixa de 10 mA cm -2 . Voltamogramas cíclicos obtidos antes e após 436 h de eletrólise em condições severas de salinidade (2 mol L -1 ) e densidade de corrente (800 mA cm -2 ) mostraram que o eletrodo de Ti/RuO 2 não perdeu suas propriedades eletrocatalíticas.The influences of electrolysis time, anodic area, current density and supporting electrolyte on phenol and its byproducts degradation on a Ti/RuO 2 anode were investigated. It was observed that phenol and its byproducts were rapidly broken down in the presence of chloride ions. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) data have shown that the presence of chloride ions lead to chlorophenols formation, due to reactions with Cl 2 and/or OCl¯ generated during electrolysis. However, these intermediate products were also degraded later by the oxidizing agents. The standards established by the CONAMA (Brazilian National Council for the Environment) for phenols and chlorophenols in effluents were achieved after 360 min of electrolysis with a current density of 10 mA cm -2 . Cyclic voltammograms obtained with the anodes before and after 436 h of electrolysis under severe salinity conditions (2 mol L -1 ) and current density (800 mA cm -2 ) showed that Ti/RuO 2 did not lose its electrocatalytic properties. This fact indicates that Ti/RuO 2 can be used for the treatment of effluents containing phenols in a chloride environment. Keywords: electrooxidation, phenols, chlorophenols, supporting electrolyte IntroductionPhenols are persistent organic compounds found in aqueous effluents from domestic activities such as cooking, washing and bathing, as well as petroleum refineries, steel plants, dyeing manufacturing, pharmaceutical and plastic industries. [1][2][3][4] They are refractory to conventional treatment process and, in the presence of chlorine, they may produce chlorophenols, which are carcinogenic and even more refractory to degradation than the phenols themselves. [4][5][6] There are several available processes to treat effluents containing phenols, such as biological treatment, advanced oxidation processes, oxidation in supercritical water and electrochemical oxidation. 6-8 Furthermore, some of those processes, for instance photocatalytic oxidation process, presents high operational costs and operational issues due...

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Effect of SnO₂‐Sb₂O₅ Interlayer on Electrochemical Performances of a Ti‐Substrate Lead Dioxide Electrode

et al. 2012

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The Ti/SnO 2 -Sb 2 O 5 /PbO 2 electrode was prepared by electrodeposition method onto Ti substrate with SnO 2 -Sb 2 O 5 interlayer. Microstructure information of SnO 2 -Sb 2 O 5 interlayer and PbO 2 coating was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Our study shows that the titanium substrate is completely covered by the SnO 2 -Sb 2 O 5 solid solution interlayer and the interlayer combines the Ti substrate closely with the PbO 2 coating. The electrochemical performance of the Ti/SnO 2 -Sb 2 O 5 /PbO 2 electrode was studied by cyclic voltammogram (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and accelerated life test. The results show the electrochemical activity, electrical conductivity and stability of Ti-substrate lead dioxide electrode are increased. The deactivation process of the Ti/SnO 2 -Sb 2 O 5 /PbO 2 electrode was also studied by the EIS. The SnO 2 -Sb 2 O 5 interlayer can effectively prevent the growth of a TiO 2 insulating layer between the substrate and the PbO 2 coating during the lifetime tests, thus maintain high activity of Ti/SnO 2 -Sb 2 O 5 /PbO 2 electrode for 10 times longer than Ti/PbO 2 electrode without interlayer.

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Preparation and characterization of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O3–Nb2O5/PbO2 thin film as electrode material for the degradation of phenol

Cited by 156 publications

References 38 publications

Preparation and characterization of Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode by Pechini's method for phenol oxidation

Preparation and characterization of Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode by Pechini's method for phenol oxidation

Electrooxidation of Phenol on a Ti/RuO2 anode: effect of some electrolysis parameters

Effect of SnO₂‐Sb₂O₅ Interlayer on Electrochemical Performances of a Ti‐Substrate Lead Dioxide Electrode

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Preparation and characterization of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O3–Nb2O5/PbO2 thin film as electrode material for the degradation of phenol

Cited by 156 publications

References 38 publications

Preparation and characterization of Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode by Pechini's method for phenol oxidation

Preparation and characterization of Ti/SnO2-Sb electrode by Pechini's method for phenol oxidation

Electrooxidation of Phenol on a Ti/RuO2 anode: effect of some electrolysis parameters

Effect of SnO2‐Sb2O5 Interlayer on Electrochemical Performances of a Ti‐Substrate Lead Dioxide Electrode

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Effect of SnO₂‐Sb₂O₅ Interlayer on Electrochemical Performances of a Ti‐Substrate Lead Dioxide Electrode