Preparation and characterization of the spherical nanosized cellulose by the enzymatic hydrolysis of pulp fibers

Chen, Xiaoquan; Deng, Xueyan; Shen, Wenhao; Jia, Mengyu

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.11.064

Cited by 74 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, such mechanical fibrillation methods are very energy intensive. Various pretreatment methods (such as enzymatic hydrolysis [35], 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation [36,37,38]) have been proposed to reduce the energy required for the mechanical deconstruction process by reducing the negative or positive charge on the fiber surfaces and by enhancing the colloidal stability of the final cellulose nanofibrils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Nanocellulose with a Novel Shape from Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) Shell Agricultural Waste

et al. 2019

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Herein, walnut shell (WS) was utilized as the raw material for the production of purified cellulose. The production technique involves multiple treatments, including alkaline treatment and bleaching. Furthermore, two nanocellulose materials were derived from WS by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) oxidation and sulfuric acid hydrolysis, demonstrating the broad applicability and value of walnuts. The micromorphologies, crystalline structures, chemical functional groups, and thermal stabilities of the nanocellulose obtained via TEMPO oxidation and sulfuric acid hydrolysis (TNC and SNC, respectively) were comprehensively characterized. The TNC exhibited an irregular block structure, whereas the SNC was rectangular in shape, with a length of 55–82 nm and a width of 49–81 nm. These observations are expected to provide insight into the potential of utilizing WSs as the raw material for preparing nanocellulose, which could address the problems of the low-valued utilization of walnuts and pollution because of unused WSs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Nanocellulose with a Novel Shape from Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) Shell Agricultural Waste

et al. 2019

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“…They found that when the endoglucanase was increased to 420 EGU per 1 g pulp and the reaction temperature was at 50 ∘ C with microwave heating for 60 min, the CNCs with the diameter of 30-80 nm and the length of 100 nm-1.8 m could be obtained, the yield was up to 38.2%, the average zeta potential was −31.37 mV, and birefringence could be observed for the CNCs dispersion. Chen et al prepared a spherical nanosized cellulose by the enzymatic hydrolysis of pulp fibers [104]. This research showed that enzymatic hydrolysis of pulp could give spherical CNCs with the diameter of ca.…”

Section: Enzymatic Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Strategies in Preparation of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Cellulose Nanofibrils Derived from Raw Cellulose Materials

Xie

Yang

2018

International Journal of Polymer Science

205

128

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The recent strategies in preparation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were described. CNCs and CNFs are two types of nanocelluloses (NCs), and they possess various superior properties, such as large specific surface area, high tensile strength and stiffness, low density, and low thermal expansion coefficient. Due to various applications in biomedical engineering, food, sensor, packaging, and so on, there are many studies conducted on CNCs and CNFs. In this review, various methods of preparation of CNCs and CNFs are summarized, including mechanical, chemical, and biological methods. The methods of pretreatment of cellulose are described in view of the benefits to fibrillation.

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“…Establishing the adequate levels of xylanase activity will be case-specific, as it would be based on the solid composition (including the presence of lignin) but also the desired properties for the final material. As an example, Chen et al [ 86 ] observed that using a complex mixture of cellulases and xylanases allowed performing faster and with higher efficiency compared to exclusively cellulases, however, excessive use of xylanase did not lead to an increase of the extraction yield. On the other hand, in a recent study by Tong et al, [ 48 ], the authors observed that the ratio of cellulases-xylanases had a clear effect on final NC morphology.…”

Section: Nanocellulose Production By Enzymatic Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, CNCs are generally rigid needle- or rod-like nanoparticles obtained from crystalline parts of cellulose fibers [ 9 , 127 ]. Spherical CNCs have been reported in some works [ 48 , 64 , 76 , 86 , 128 , 129 ], and seem to be related to the higher severity of the process, such as high enzyme load.…”

Section: Nanocellulose Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocellulose Production: Exploring the Enzymatic Route and Residues of Pulp and Paper Industry

et al. 2020

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Increasing environmental and sustainability concerns, caused by current population growth, has promoted a raising utilization of renewable bio-resources for the production of materials and energy. Recently, nanocellulose (NC) has been receiving great attention due to its many attractive features such as non-toxic nature, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, associated with its mechanical properties and those related to its nanoscale, emerging as a promising material in many sectors, namely packaging, regenerative medicine, and electronics, among others. Nanofibers and nanocrystals, derived from cellulose sources, have been mainly produced by mechanical and chemical treatments; however, the use of cellulases to obtain NC attracted much attention due to their environmentally friendly character. This review presents an overview of general concepts in NC production. Especial emphasis is given to enzymatic hydrolysis processes using cellulases and the utilization of pulp and paper industry residues. Integrated process for the production of NC and other high-value products through enzymatic hydrolysis is also approached. Major challenges found in this context are discussed along with its properties, potential application, and future perspectives of the use of enzymatic hydrolysis as a pretreatment in the scale-up of NC production.

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Preparation and characterization of the spherical nanosized cellulose by the enzymatic hydrolysis of pulp fibers

Cited by 74 publications

References 20 publications

Isolation and Characterization of Nanocellulose with a Novel Shape from Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) Shell Agricultural Waste

Isolation and Characterization of Nanocellulose with a Novel Shape from Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) Shell Agricultural Waste

Recent Strategies in Preparation of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Cellulose Nanofibrils Derived from Raw Cellulose Materials

Nanocellulose Production: Exploring the Enzymatic Route and Residues of Pulp and Paper Industry

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