Preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxyurethane) /halloysite nanocomposites via in-situ polymerization

Abstract

Naturally occurring halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) with hollow nanotubular structures were used as a new type filler for polyhydroxyurethane. The polyhydroxyurethane/halloysite nanocomposites (PHU/HNTs) were prepared by the in-situ surface-initiated polymerization of a five-membered cyclic carbonate 2,2-bis[p-(1,3-dioxolan-2-one-4-yl-methoxy) phenyl] propane (B5CC) and hexa methylene diamine, from the surfaces of the aminopropyl halloysite nanotubes (APHNTs) for the first time. The percentage of grafting (PG %) and the grafting efficiency (GE %) of 41% and 23% were calculated from the results of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and from the results of elemental analysis (EA) respectively after the free polyhydroxyurethane was washed off. The chemical grafting of the polymer was also confirmed using FTIR; the morphology of the silica nanotubes in the nanocomposite was examined by transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Hybrid nanocomposites of elastomeric polyurethane containing halloysite nanotubes and POSS nanoparticles: tensile, hardness, damping and abrasion performance

“…Recent advancements in HNT-polyurethane systems were also postulated in several research efforts. In these works, polyurethane matrix was donated with specific properties including shape memory (Bouaziz et al, 2019), corrosion resistance in protective coating (Zahidah et al, 2017;Zeng et al, 2019), drug delivery (Fizir et al, 2018;Hanif et al, 2016), removal of pollutants from water (Anastopoulos et al, 2018;7 Papoulis, 2019) and thermally stable plus fire proof nanocomposites (Smith et al, 2018;Tang et al, 2008) thanks to HNT inclusion.…”

“…Moreover, POSS promotes flame retardancy (Bourbigot et al , 2009; Kim et al , 2014; Michalowski & Pielichowski, 2018; Kavuncuoglu et al , 2019;), self-healing (Diao et al , 2015; Behera et al , 2018), scratch protection (Lai et al , 2009; Ghermezcheshme et al , 2015; Hebda & Pielichowski, 2018), thermal shielding (Kannana et al , 2006; Janowski & Pielichowski, 2008; Spoljaric & Shanks, 2012; Carmo et al , 2014; Liu et al , 2015; Pagacz et al , 2018; Szolyga et al , 2018; Zaharescu et al , 2018), hydrogel formation (Mather et al , 2006; Wu et al , 2010), drug-releasing stent coatings (Guo et al , 2009; Huitron-Rattinger et al , 2013) and thin-film applications (Oaten & Choudhury, 2005; Madbouly & Otaigbe, 2009; Blattmann & Mulhaupt, 2016) as it was incorporated in polyurethane networks. Recent advancements in HNT-polyurethane systems have also been postulated in several studies and reviews in which the polyurethane matrix was given specific properties including: shape memory (Bouaziz et al , 2019), corrosion resistance in protective coatings (Zahidah et al , 2017; Zeng et al , 2019), drug delivery (Hanif et al , 2016; Fizir et al , 2018), removal of pollutants from water (Anastopoulos et al , 2018; Papoulis, 2019) and thermal stability + fire-proofing (Tang et al , 2008; Smith et al , 2018).…”

Non‐isocyanate polyurethanes: synthesis, properties, and applications

“…Guo et al described polyhydroxyurethane/attapulgite(halloysite) nanocomposites obtained by in situ surface‐initiated reaction of biscyclic carbonate based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with hexamethylene diamine …”