Preparation and characterization of microcellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/starch biocomposites

Sreekumar, P.A.; Haque, Sk Manirul; Afzal, Hafiz Muhammad; Sadique, Zakariya; Al‐Harthi, Mamdouh A.

doi:10.1177/0021998318816437

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…It has been reported that cellulose microfibrils vary in size from 0.2 to 374 µm. The micro-fibrillated cellulose chain aggregates together to form macro-fibrillated chains [43]. However, microcrystalline cellulose has been reported as the non-amorphous region of the chain, which is divided into a well-organized crystal-surface and poorly organised crystal interior [44].…”

Section: Microcellulose Materials Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Micro- to Nanocellulose Biopolymer Scaffold Forming for Tissue Engineering Applications

et al. 2020

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Biopolymers have been used as a replacement material for synthetic polymers in scaffold forming due to its biocompatibility and nontoxic properties. Production of scaffold for tissue repair is a major part of tissue engineering. Tissue engineering techniques for scaffold forming with cellulose-based material is at the forefront of present-day research. Micro- and nanocellulose-based materials are at the forefront of scientific development in the areas of biomedical engineering. Cellulose in scaffold forming has attracted a lot of attention because of its availability and toxicity properties. The discovery of nanocellulose has further improved the usability of cellulose as a reinforcement in biopolymers intended for scaffold fabrication. Its unique physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties offer some important advantages over synthetic polymer materials. This review presents a critical overview of micro- and nanoscale cellulose-based materials used for scaffold preparation. It also analyses the relationship between the method of fabrication and properties of the fabricated scaffold. The review concludes with future potential research on cellulose micro- and nano-based scaffolds. The review provides an up-to-date summary of the status and future prospective applications of micro- and nanocellulose-based scaffolds for tissue engineering.

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Section: Microcellulose Materials Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Micro- to Nanocellulose Biopolymer Scaffold Forming for Tissue Engineering Applications

et al. 2020

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“…By the addition of CNC to the PVA/starch matrix, peak representing −OH vibrations were shifted from 3291 to 3306 cm −1 . This indicates the occurrence of hydrogen bonding between CNC and the PVA/starch matrix 39 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Isolation of high crystalline nanocellulose from Mimosa pudica plant fibres with potential in packaging applications

George¹,

Muhammadaly²,

Kanoth

et al. 2021

Packag Technol Sci

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Mimosa pudica Linn (sensitive plant) is a medicinal plant of family Fabaceae. Its stem is a good source of cellulose. This research work reports isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from M. pudica stem fibres by combined chemical and mechanical treatments. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/starch composites were prepared with incorporation of isolated CNC (1, 3 and 5 wt.%) by solution casting method. Addition of CNC in polymer composites improved its mechanical strength and barrier properties. Isolation process of CNC includes alkali treatment, bleaching and acid hydrolysis followed by homogenization. Chemical composition, thermal stability, structure, surface morphology, crystallinity and size of the freeze‐dried nanocellulose were studied carefully. Fourier transform infrared analysis of raw fibre and CNC showed elimination of non‐cellulosic fragments from untreated M. pudica stem fibre. Electron microscopy analysis and dynamic light scattering (DLS) confirmed the isolation of nanocellulose. X‐ray diffraction showed improvement in the crystallinity of obtained nanocellulose. Increase in crystallinity indicates high Young's modulus of isolated nanocellulose which makes them proper reinforcement material in composites. Polymer composites with the addition of 3 wt.% of CNC showed the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour transmission rate (WVTR), moisture absorption and oxygen transmission rate (OTR). As M. pudica is an abundant natural resource, it can be utilized as an efficient source of nanocellulose for different applications especially as fillers in sustainable polymer composites for packaging.

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“…The thermoplastic carbon ashes/maize starch (TPAS) films were manually prepared by pre-mixing maize starch neat powders with 35 wt.% of glycerol, respect to the starch matrix and recycled carbon ashes in an amount of 10 phr, 20 phr and 30 phr that correspond to 7 wt.%, 14 wt.% and 21 wt.% [17][18][19][20][21] (see Figure 1). The compounds were mixed at 130 • C for 10 min by using a Haake PolyLab System Rheomix 600/610 mixer (n = 100 rpm) (Haake, Karlsruhe, Germany) and then put in a Carbolite LHT6/120 oven (Carbolite, Derbyshire, UK) until they reached a temperature of 130 • C. Finally, they were compression molded, by means of a DGTS P7/91 press (DGTS, Veduggio (MB), Italy), at a pressure of 70 bar.…”

Section: Preparation Of Thermoplastic Carbon Ashes/maize Starch Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Sreekumar P.A. et al obtained microcrystalline cellulose from olive pits (waste material from the olive industry) and used them as a filler of thermoplastic corn starch films and these fillers enhanced the tensile properties [20]. Finally, according to [21], the incorporation of chestnut husks, a lignocellulosic agroforestry waste, in thermoplastic potato starch films can increase the elastic modulus of the samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable Carbon-based Ashes/Maize Starch Composite Films for Agricultural Applications

et al. 2020

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The aim of this work is the development and characterization of biodegradable thermoplastic recycled carbon ashes/maize starch (TPAS) composite films for agricultural applications. A proper plasticizer, that is, glycerol, was added to a commercial maize starch in an amount of 35 wt.%. Carbon-based ashes were produced by the biomass pyro-gasification plant CMD ECO 20, starting from lignocellulosic wastes. The ashes were added to glycerol and maize native starch at different amounts ranging from 7 wt.% to 21 wt.%. The composite was mixed at 130 °C for 10 min and then molded. The effect of the different amounts of carbon based ashes on the thermal and physical-mechanical properties of the composite was assessed by using several techniques, such as rheology, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), moisture absorption, degradation and mechanical tests. The presence of the carbon waste ashes allows to improve thermal and durability performances of the thermoplastic starch (TPS) films. It reduces the water absorption of starch matrix and strongly decreases the deterioration of starch, independently from fillers amount, enhancing the lifetime of the TPS films in outdoor conditions. In addition, the waste carbon ashes/maize starch films present an advantage in comparison to those of neat starch; it can biodegrade, releasing the plant nutrients contained in the ashes into the soil. In conclusion, this approach for recycling carbon waste ashes increases the efficiency of industrial waste management, along with a reduction of its impact on the environment.

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Preparation and characterization of microcellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/starch biocomposites

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

A Review on Micro- to Nanocellulose Biopolymer Scaffold Forming for Tissue Engineering Applications

A Review on Micro- to Nanocellulose Biopolymer Scaffold Forming for Tissue Engineering Applications

Isolation of high crystalline nanocellulose from Mimosa pudica plant fibres with potential in packaging applications

Biodegradable Carbon-based Ashes/Maize Starch Composite Films for Agricultural Applications

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