Preparation and Characterization of Citrus Aurantifolia Lime Oils Microcapsules by Complex Coacervation Technique

Abstract

The Lime oil of Citrus aurantifolia was microencapsulated by coacervation technique employing gelatine and alginates as the shells, and calcium chloride as cross linker. Optimization of core/shell ratio, speed and temperature of stirring was carried out. Structure and shape of the microcapsules were characterized by particle size analyzer (PSA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively. The properties of microcapsules such as, yield, particle size distribution, oil content, oil load, and encapsulation efficiency were also determined. Upon condition of ratio core/shell 0.49, speed and temperature of stirring at 600 rpm and 35 �C respectively, the microcapsules of LOs with improved performance were achieved with efficiency of 46% and oil content of 78%.

The Development of the Antibacterial Microcapsules of Citrus Essential Oil for the Cosmetotextile Application: A Review

“…Torimiro et al [8] found that the EOs of C. aurantifolia obtained from fruit peel showed excellent antibacterial activity with a broad spectrum against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Similarly, previous studies proved the antibacterial properties of encapsulated EOs of C. aurantifolia and limonene, and EOs against Gram-positive bacteria such as S. aureus and S. epidermidis and Gram-negative, which include E. coli and K. pneumonia [37]. Furthermore, a synergistic action was discovered, as evidenced by higher EOs activity than their pure major compound of limonene, and antibacterial activity could be maintained in the microcapsules [38][39][40][41].…”

“…The drying process can be done by heat convection, contact with heated metal surfaces, infrared radiation, microwave or high-frequency waves, combustion, and vacuum. The cure or microparticle fixation process is done at a higher temperature than the drying process [37]. An illustration of the immobilization of microcapsules on cloth by the pad-dry method is shown in Figure 5.…”

Coacervate Microcapsules of Citrus aurantifolia Essential Oil (LOs): Optimization and Their Antibacterial Activity Study

“…The pKa and PI of the shells were found above 4, [20,37] thus, the interaction between GA/G and GA/C was less intensive at the condition of pH 3.75. On the other hand, the interaction of A/G was more dominant through the interaction of ionic moieties of amino of gelatin and carboxylate of alginate [38] . The interaction tended to decrease aggregation and precipitation upon the process, and thereby more yield was formed.…”

“…On the other hand, the interaction of A/G was more dominant through the interaction of ionic moieties of amino of gelatin and carboxylate of alginate. [38] The interaction tended to decrease aggregation and precipitation upon the process, and thereby more yield was formed. A better property of A/G as a shell of LOs than two others was further ascertained by excellent encapsulation efficiency (EE) and oil content (OC) that reached 56 and 73 % respectively (Table 2).…”

Microencapsulation ofCitrus aurantifoliaessential oil with the optimized CaCl2crosslinker and its antibacterial study for cosmetic textiles

“…Employing biopolymers of alginate–gelatin crosslinked by glutaraldehyde, microencapsulation was successfully performed to coacervate a drug core of metronidazole hydrochloride, diclofenac sodium, and indomethacin, 14 an ascorbic acid, 15 lemongrass essential oil, 16 and C. aurantifolia essential oil. 17–19 On the other side, the same biopolymers crosslinked by CaCl 2 coacervated a procyanidin, 20 and Black pepper essential oil efficiently. 21 The crosslinker is an essential component in the coacervation process, which serves to harden the shells and stabilize the microcapsule structure.…”