Preparation and catalytic use of platinum in magnetic core/shell nanocomposites

Abstract

Platinum (Pt) nanoparticles show high activity as catalysts in various chemical reactions. The control of the morphology of Pt nanostructures can provide an opportunity to improve their catalytic properties. The preparation of Pt-loaded iron-oxide polyvinylbenzyl chloride nanocomposites was done in several stages: first by the formation of the core consisting of magnetite nanoparticles and second by the polymerization of vinylbenzyl chloride in the presence of the magnetic core particles. The third step is the amination of the chlorine group with ammonia, which leads to an ion exchange resin. Then, the Pt precursor (H 2 PtCl 6 ) is attached by ion exchange. Finally, the Pt ions are reduced to Pt metal with NaBH 4 . The obtained material can be dispersed easily and be used as a catalyst which can be separated after the reaction by magnetic fields. Characterization of the resulting metallic nanocomposites is evaluated by atomic absorption spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and gas chromatography. The activity of Pt at magnetic core/shell nanocomposites was measured for the reduction reaction of cinnamaldehyde to cinnamyl alcohol.

Potential Nanomaterials and their Applications in Modern Medicine: An Overview

“…In order to prevent the particle aggregation and to improve the biocompatibility and stability, nanoparticles are coated with various surfactants: poly (ethylene glycol), oleic acid, poly (acrylic acid), gluconic acid, liposome and fatty acid. Surface functionalized magnetic nanoparticles have been widely used in a range of biological applications [15][16][17]. Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) is easily degradable and is useful, therefore, in bio-separation and catalytic processes magnetite nanoparticles own high surface energy and thus tend to quickly aggregate.…”

Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles and Their Effect onEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureus

“…The unmodified magnetite nanoparticles were produced from an aqueous solution of FeCl 3 ⋅6H 2 O and FeCl 2 ⋅4H 2 O using the coprecipitation method [21,22]. FeCl 2 ⋅4H 2 O (1.9 g) and FeCl 3 ⋅6H 2 O (5.4 g) at an Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ molar ratio of 2 : 1 were dissolved in deionized water (DI; 100 mL) and heated to 70 ∘ C. Ammonium hydroxide (6 mL) was quickly added to the solution, which immediately produced a deep black magnetite precipitate.…”

“…Coprecipitation, sol-gel, and microemulsion are some of the most common methods for superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticle synthesis, with coprecipitation being the most simple and economic method [21,22]. It is based on the mixing of probably Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ at a 2 : 1 molar ratio in a highly basic solution, with the size and shape of the magnetite nanoparticles produced depending on the type of salt used, the reaction temperature, pH, and ionic strength of the media.…”

Catalytic Activity of Hybrid Iron Oxide Silver Nanoparticles in Methyl Methacrylate Polymerization

“…The integration of the unique properties of inorganic and organic nanoparticles in the same structure results in new properties that can be used in various applications. Hybrid inorganic/organic nanoparticles have gained particular attention because of fundamental scientific interest in various cutting-edge technological applications of these species, including their use in sensors [15], nanomedicine [16], antibacterial activity [17,18], magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [19], hyperthermia [20], and catalysis [21,22]. It is widely known that the presence of a second co-metal can improve the properties of the catalytic system [23].…”