Preparation and application of Cu/ZnO catalyst by urea hydrolysis method for low-temperature methanol synthesis from syngas

Greener and facile synthesis of Cu/ZnO catalysts for CO2hydrogenation to methanol by urea hydrolysis of acetates

“…14,31,46 However, the excess of urea promotes the formation of copper ammonia complexes ([Cu(NH 3 ) 4 (H 2 O) 2 ] 2+ ) that easily aggregate and in turn produce larger Cu particle size. 9,37 The optimal urea concentration should be identied to yield a precursor containing both Cu and Zn at the optimal molar ratio with atomic dispersion and resulting in a highly active catalyst upon calcination.…”

“…Cu/ZnO and Cu/ZnO/ Al 2 O 3 ) prepared by urea hydrolysis of nitrate salts have been reported for steam reforming of methanol, [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] water-gas shi reaction, [28][29][30][31][32] selective hydrogenation, [33][34][35][36] and liquid phase methanol synthesis from syngas. [37][38][39] Most studies have shown higher copper surface area, stronger metal-support interaction, and better catalytic performance for CO 2 -related reaction than conventional co-precipitated catalysts. These properties should be highly benecial for methanol synthesis catalysts.…”

Carbon Dioxide Precipitation Method to Prepare Zinc Oxide

“…Urea is one of the most used precipitant in homogeneous precipitation method, precipitation by urea has the following advantages: firstly, the decomposition of urea to produce ammonia and CO 2 is relatively slow; secondly, no undesirable foreign ions be introduced, which facilitates the further filtration . ZnO of different structures and sizes have been synthesized using this method . However, the major disadvantages of urea precipitation method are the large solvent consumption, and the inconvenience of precipitates separation and drying.…”

Oriented Isomorphous Substitution: An Efficient and Alternative Route to Fabricate the Zn Rich Phase Pure (Cu1−x,Znx)2(OH)2CO3 Precursor Catalyst for Methanol Synthesis

“…[10,[14][15][18][19][20] However, the process is comparatively complex and the precursor is generally composed of mixed phases, such as malachite, hydrozincite, aurichalcite and rosasite, leading to a lower catalytic activity. [10,[21][22][23] Researchers have made significant progresses to address this issue. Piero et al [13] have prepared copper and zinc hydroxycarbonates by the coprecipitation method, and found that the samples with the Cu/Zn ratios 100/0, 92/8 and 85/15 were monophasic with malachite-like structure, whereas the richer zinc samples were comprised of the aurichalcite, whose concentration was very low in the 77/23 sample but increased continuously with zinc content.…”

“…Among them, the coprecipitation method is widely used for fabricating Cu/ZnO catalysts due to its ease of synthesis . However, the process is comparatively complex and the precursor is generally composed of mixed phases, such as malachite, hydrozincite, aurichalcite and rosasite, leading to a lower catalytic activity . Researchers have made significant progresses to address this issue.…”