AbstrakPenggunaan antibiotik profilaksis pada operasi bedah sesar dapat mengurangi risiko infeksi yang berhubungan dengan komplikasi dan infeksi pascaoperasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan ketepatan penggunaan serta efektivitas antibiotik profilaksis pada pasien bedah sesar pada dua rumah sakit di Surakarta tahun 2010. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan data rekam medis secara retrospektif. Analisis dilakukan terhadap penggunaan antibiotik yang meliputi ketepatan antibiotik dibandingkan dengan ketepatan dosis dan waktu pemberian berdasarkan standar WHO. Sebanyak 200 pasien yang diteliti, ditemukan 76% berusia 20-35 tahun, usia kehamilan sudah cukup bulan (90,5%), lama perawatan di rumah sakit lebih dari 5 hari (46,5%), dan indikasi terbanyak bedah sesar adalah ketuban pecah dini (29%). Antibiotik profilaksis yang digunakan adalah ampisilin (24%), ampisilin-sulbaktam (23%), seftriakson (19,5%), sefotaksim (16%), amoksisilin-klavulanat (11%), dan sefazolin (6,5%). Ditemukan kesesuaian pemilihan obat dengan standar WHO (30,5%), yang meliputi tepat dosis (6,5%) dan tepat waktu pemberian (52%). Penggunaan antibiotik 100% efektif untuk mencegah luka infeksi setelah operasi.Kata kunci: Antibiotik, bedah sesar, profilaksis
Evaluation of the Use and Effectiveness of Antibiotics for Prophylactic in Patients with Cesarean Section at Hospitals in Surakarta in 2010
AbstractThe use of antibiotics for prophylactic in sectio cesarean can reduce the risk of infection-related complications and postoperative infections. This study aims to describe and evaluate the usage and the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section patients in two hospitals in Surakarta in year 2010. The study used retrospective data from medical records. The analysis was then conducted on the use of antibiotic including the appropriateness of antibiotic (compare to the standard of WHO), the appropriateness of dose and the time of administration. The data from two hundred of patients showed that 76% of patients were between 20-35 years old and the patients with aterm pregnancy were 90.5%, 46.5% of patients had the length of stay in hospital more than 5 days and 29% of cesarean delivery indicated by amniotic premature rupture. Antibiotics that used for prophylactic were ampicillin (24%), ampicillin-sulbactam (23%), ceftriaxone (19.5%), cefotaxime (16%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (11%), and cefazolin (6.5%). It was found that 30,5% of drugs were selected based on standard, 6.5% of drugs were given in the appropriate dose and 52% of drugs were administrated on-time. In conclusion, the antibiotics are 100% effective to prevent the incidence of surgical wound infection.