Prenatal protein malnutrition alters behavioral state modulation of inhibition and facilitation in the dentate gyrus

Austin, Kevin; Beiswanger, Christine M.; Bronzino, Joseph D.; Austin-LaFrance, R.J.; Galler, Janina R.; Morgane, Peter J.

doi:10.1016/0361-9230(92)90186-2

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The testing procedure was similar to that described by Evans (37), and followed the same parameters previously used in our laboratory (2,5). Briefly, after a 2-min habituation to the test situation, the rats received 10 series of unavoidable shocks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response threshold to aversive stimuli in stimulated early protein-malnourished rats

Lf¹,

Almeida²,

Lm³

1997

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Two animal models of pain were used to study the effects of short-term protein malnutrition and environmental stimulation on the response threshold to aversive stimuli. Eighty male Wistar rats were used. Half of the pups were submitted to malnutrition by feeding their mothers a 6% protein diet from 0 to 21 days of age while the mothers of the other half (controls) were well nourished, receiving 16% protein. From 22 to 70 days all rats were fed commercial lab chow. Half of the animals in the malnourished and control groups were maintained under stimulating conditions, including a 3-min daily handling from 0 to 70 days and an enriched living cage after weaning. The other half was reared in a standard living cage. At 70 days, independent groups of rats were exposed to the shock threshold or to the tail-flick test. The results showed lower body and brain weights in malnourished rats when compared with controls at weaning and testing. In the shock threshold test the malnourished animals were more sensitive to electric shock and environmental stimulation increased the shock threshold. No differences due to diet or environmental stimulation were found in the tail-flick procedure. These results demonstrate that protein malnutrition imposed only during the lactation period is efficient in inducing hyperreactivity to electric shock and that environmental stimulation attenuates the differences in shock threshold produced by protein malnutrition.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response threshold to aversive stimuli in stimulated early protein-malnourished rats

Lf¹,

Almeida²,

Lm³

1997

Braz J Med Biol Res

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show abstract

“…Following kindling, an early study of paired-pulse measures showed that granule cells in the prenatally malnourished rat are more inhibited in response to the second pulse compared to control animals, 12 but this inhibition was later found to be dependent on factors such as the amplitude of the first population spike, the duration of interval to the second pulse, the behavioral state of the animal, and the age of the animal. 13,14 The most direct evidence for increased inhibition in the prenatally malnourished hippocampus comes from studies that showed a greater frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) in both CA1 pyramidal neurons 15 and CA3 bipolar interneurons 16 of prenatally malnourished rats compared to controls. This suggests either increased number of inhibitory synapses or increased probability of quantal release per synapse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal protein malnutrition alters the proportion but not numbers of parvalbumin-immunoreactive interneurons in the hippocampus of the adult Sprague-Dawley rat

Lister

Blatt

Kemper

et al. 2011

Nutritional Neuroscience

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Prenatal protein malnutrition alters the structure and function of the adult rat hippocampal formation. The current study examines the effect of prenatal protein malnutrition on numbers of parvalbumin-immunoreactive (PV-IR) GABAergic interneurons, which are important for perisomatic inhibition of hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Brain sections from prenatally protein malnourished and normally nourished rats were stained for parvalbumin and PV-IR neurons were quantified using stereology in the dentate gyrus, CA3/2 and CA1 subfields, and the subiculum for both cerebral hemispheres. Results demonstrated that prenatal malnutrition did not affect the number of PV-IR interneurons in the hippocampus. Since prenatal protein malnutrition reduces total neuron numbers in the CA1 subfield (1), this results in an altered ratio of PV-IR interneurons to total neuronal numbers (from 1:22.9 in controls to 1:20.5 in malnourished rats). Additionally, there was no hemispheric asymmetry of either PV-IR neuron numbers or ratio of PV-IR:total neuron numbers.

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“…Two 25/25 litters were excluded from analysis at P7, and two 25/25 litters and one 6/25 litter of P11 were excluded from analysis at P11, because of an unusually low rate of USV (<25 USV in 2 min) emitted by their vehicle injected controls. Male subjects were selected for consistency with earlier studies which focused on the behavioral sensitivity of juvenile and adult prenatally malnourished rats to drugs acting on the GABA A receptor complex [27,33,34,36] and upon neurophysiological studies focused on inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission at both the systems [4][5][6][7][8][9] and the cellular level [15,24].…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal malnutrition alters diazepam-mediated suppression of ultrasonic vocalizations in an age dependent manner

Tonkiss

Galler

2007

Behavioural Brain Research

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The sensitivity of prenatally malnourished rats to the ultrasonic vocalization (USV) suppressant effect of diazepam (a non-specific benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor agonist) was investigated. Male offspring of dams provided with a protein deficient diet (6% casein) for 5 weeks prior to mating and throughout pregnancy were compared to the offspring of mothers provided with a diet of adequate protein content (25% casein). At postnatal day 7 or 11, pups were injected with vehicle or one of five doses of DZ (0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1 or 3mg/kg) 30min after removal from their dam. Thirty minutes later they were subjected to 2min of cooling on a 20 degrees C surface and their USVs were quantified. DZ dose-dependently suppressed USV at both ages. At P7, the USV suppressant effect of DZ was the same for both groups. However, by P11 the prenatally malnourished rats showed significantly greater suppression of USV by 0.03 and 0.1mg/kg DZ than well-nourished controls. These differences were not related to degree of temperature loss or body weight. Thus, differential sensitivity to BZ receptor agonists develops in the second postnatal week in prenatally malnourished rats. This reflects either an altered program of development of the GABAergic system, or adaptive, compensatory changes in the GABAergic system in response to more extensive functional disturbances in the developing brain.

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Prenatal protein malnutrition alters behavioral state modulation of inhibition and facilitation in the dentate gyrus

Cited by 33 publications

References 71 publications

Response threshold to aversive stimuli in stimulated early protein-malnourished rats

Response threshold to aversive stimuli in stimulated early protein-malnourished rats

Prenatal protein malnutrition alters the proportion but not numbers of parvalbumin-immunoreactive interneurons in the hippocampus of the adult Sprague-Dawley rat

Prenatal malnutrition alters diazepam-mediated suppression of ultrasonic vocalizations in an age dependent manner

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