Prenatal Diagnosis of a Large Subchorionic Placental Cyst with Intracystic Hematomas

Abstract

A large intrauterine cyst containing a heterogenous mass was found by ultrasound in the placenta of a 35-year-old gravida 2 para 1 woman. The cyst, measuring 10.9 × 10.1 cm with a heterogenous mass shadow, was attached near the placental cord insertion site. The woman delivered a healthy female baby weighing 3,330 g by cesarean section without complication. A histopathological examination revealed that the lesion was a subchorionic cyst and contained an internal hematoma. Large subchorionic cysts are extremely rare, and secondary hemorrhage within the cyst has not been reported. In this article, we report the case of a woman with a large subchorionic cyst complicated by an intracystic hematoma and review its clinical significance.

Multiple placental surface cysts with intracystic hemorrhaging: A case report and review of the literature

“…There have been few reports regarding placental surface cysts with intracystic hemorrhaging. Including the present case, we conducted a review of literature pertaining to placental surface cysts (Table ) . Of the 42 cases of placental surface cysts, four cases (10%) developed intracystic hemorrhaging.…”

“…Including the present case, we conducted a review of literature pertaining to placental surface cysts ( Table 1). [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Of the 42 cases of placental surface cysts, four cases (10%) developed intracystic hemorrhaging. Our review findings suggested that, of the 38 cases without intracystic hemorrhaging, five cases (13%) developed FGR, and preterm delivery occurred in 14 cases (37%).…”

“…The pathogenesis of these cysts have been reported to have relation to hypoxia, low circulation, and fluid secretion by extravillous trophoblasts lining the inside wall of cysts. 2 Under hypoxic condition, trophoblast cells increased the capacity of migration and induced hypervascularity around their microenvironments activated by hypoxia inducible factors. 8 In our case, the pathological findings revealed hypoxia, trophoblast migration, and secretion by engrafted trophoblast cell.…”

“…The prevalence of placental surface cysts is reportedly uncertain . Cyst formation occurs as trophoblasts, which surround the cyst and secrete clear fluid into a cystic space . A placental surface cyst is typically unaffected by intracystic hemorrhaging, and remains uneventful during pregnancy .…”

Massive subchorial thrombosis

“…Пролонгированное течение МСХТ дает возможность диагностировать данное критическое состояние, провести необходимую терапию для коррекции дисфункции фетоплацентарного комплекса, принять решение о возможности пролонгирования беременности [6]. При массивном субхориальном тромбозе сгусток отделяет хориальную пластинку от ворсинчатого хориона и возникают гипотрофия, дистресс и перинатальная гибель плода [6][7][8].…”