Prenatal diagnosis and circulatory characteristics in tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve

Prenatal Diagnosis of Tetralogy of Fallot with Absent Pulmonary Valve Using Advanced Dynamic Flow

“…This report demonstrated all of the in utero findings described by other authors: absent pulmonary valve, markedly dilated pulmonary arteries, overriding of the aorta, VSD, and right ventricular hypertrophy comprising this condition [1,5]. However, to confirm the hemodynamic features, we used advanced dynamic flow.…”

“…One of the congenital heart anomalies that warrants prenatal diagnosis is Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with absent pulmonary valve syndrome as it can cause severe respiratory distress soon after birth [1]. However, fetal echocardiography still has many limitations.…”

Prenatal Diagnosis of Tetralogy of Fallot with Absent Pulmonary Valve Accompanied by Hydrops fetalis

“…In utero, the blood pres sure in the systemic and pulmonary vascular beds is thought to be equal. Even in the presence of a tight pulmo- nary stenosis or atresia, the right ventricular output can be diverted into the aorta, and pulmonary blood can be sup plied by retrograde flow through the ductus arteriosus [4,5], This seems to be confirmed by the normal intrauterine growth of fetuses with tetralogy of Fallot and by the absence of right ventricular hypertrophy at birth [6]. TFAPV should be regarded as the most severe form of tetralogy of Fallot because pulmonary regurgitation may cause congestive heart failure in utero or soon after birth [4][5][6][7], Hydrops fetalis with polyhydramnios, which oc curred in this case, was the ultrasonic evidence of intra uterine heart failure.…”

Structural Abnormalities of Great Arterial Walls in Congenital Heart Disease

“…32 Regurgitant volume in utero is returned to the pulmonary trunk during each right ventricular systole, phasically distending the central pulmonary arteries, more so when egress is curtailed by agenesis of the ductus arteriosus. 32 These aneurysmal pulmonary trunks had grade 3 medial abnormalities ( Table 2) attributed to abnormal flow patterns originating in utero.…”