Prenatal development of lung antioxidant enzymes in four species

Frank, Lee; Sosenko, R.S. Ilene

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(87)80300-1

Cited by 240 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, oxidant defense mechanisms are induced late in gestation. 7,31 Antioxidant enzyme systems are upregulated primarily during the latter part of gestation. Non-enzymatic antioxidants cross the placenta in increasing quantities during the same timeframe, as reviewed previously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status after surfactant treatment in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome

et al. 2011

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Background: Oxidative damage is important in the pathogenesis of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). However, data on the effect of surfactant therapy on oxidative stress in vivo are limited. We aimed to evaluate the oxidant/antioxidant status in preterm infants with RDS via measurement of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS), to determine the effect of surfactant on oxidant/antioxidant balance and to assess the association between TAC, TOS and clinical outcomes of the patients. Methods: Sixty-nine infants with RDS were included. Blood samples for determining TAC and TOS were collected before and 48 h after surfactant treatment. TAC and TOS levels were analysed in serum. Patients were followed up until discharge or death. Results: Post-surfactant TAC levels were significantly higher than pre-surfactant TAC levels (P ¼ 0.029). TAC/TOS ratio significantly increased after surfactant treatment (P ¼ 0.018). Infants ,28 weeks of gestational age had lower levels of baseline TAC than those 28 weeks of gestational age (P ¼ 0.020), whereas TOS levels were similar. Baseline TAC/TOS ratio was lower in infants who died in the study period than those who survived (P ¼ 0.023). After controlling gestational age, baseline TAC levels were significantly and inversely correlated with the duration of total respiratory support (r ¼ 20.343; P ¼ 0.009) and hospitalization (r ¼ 20.341; P ¼ 0.009). TAC or TOS levels were not associated with the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia or other complications as determined during the investigation period. Conclusions: Oxidant-antioxidant balance shifts in favour of the antioxidant system after surfactant treatment. Lower TAC/ TOS ratio in preterm infants may be associated with increased mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status after surfactant treatment in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome

et al. 2011

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“…The lungs were then weighed and homogenized in cold saline (1: 15, wt/vol) (Brinkmann Polytron, Westbury, NY) for subsequent biochemical analyses. These preparatory methods and biochemical assays have been previously described in detail (6,8,13,14). Lung activities of total SOD (16), CAT (17), G P (18), and G-6-PD (19) were assayed by standard spectrophotometric techniques.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the four common laboratory species examined (rat, rabbit, guinea pig, and hamster), it was found that the AOE activities are quite low until the final 15-20% of gestation. Then, during this final portion of gestation, very marked increases occur in all the antioxidant enzymes, so that the antioxidant enzyme protective capacity increases by around 500% during this prebirth period (7,8). A recent report in fetal lambs suggests a similar normal late-gestational AOE activity rise (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Failure of Premature Rabbits to Increase Antioxidant Enzymes During Hyperoxic Exposure: Increased Susceptibility to Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity Compared with Term Rabbits

1991

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ABSTRACI'. Although the prematurely born are known to have decreased baseline levels of protective antioxidant enzymes (Frank L, Sosenko IRS: J Pediatr 110:9 and 106, 1987), the ability to augment the baseline values during high O2 exposure is the key factor determining O2 tolerance versus O2 susceptibility. We have compared the pulmonary antioxidant enzyme responses of prematurely delivered rabbits (gestational d 29 of 32) and full-term rabbits to 48-72 h of hyperoxic exposure. We found that although full-term newborns exposed to >90% 0 2 consistently showed elevated superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities, the premature animals repeatedly failed to respond to hyperoxia with increased antioxidant enzyme activity levels. Consistent with the comparative antioxidant enzyme responses were the evidences of O2 toxicity in the two age groups. The prematurely born rabbits had significantly increased lung lavage protein content, lung conjugated diene levels, and more severe light microscopic lung pathology compared with the full-term animals during equal 0 2 exposure time. This first reported comparison of prematurely born versus full-term animal responses to hyperoxia might help to explain the clinical observation that the very prematurely born infant is excessively prone to the development of 02-induced lung injury and the progressive development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. (Pediatr Res 29: 292-296,1991) Abbreviations SOD, superoxide dismutase CAT, catalase GP, glutathione peroxidase G-6-PD, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase AOE, antioxidant enzyme BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia DSPC, disaturated phosphatidylcholine VLBW, very low birth weight VLBW premature infants have a distressingly high incidence of the chronic lung disease BPD. BPD is considered to be a multifactorial process, with hyperoxic ventilation being one of the clearly established causative factors ( 1-3).

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“…In preterm infants, the pulmonary activity of SOD is suspected to be immature. As reported by Lee Frank in several animal species (mice, hamster, rat, guinea pig), the pulmonary activity of SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase are only 10-15% of that in term babies, in preterm newborns < 32 weeks of human-equivalent gestation (Frank & Sosenko, 1987a, 1987bFrank, 1991). As a result, the levels of O 2  − may be higher in preterm than term neonates.…”

Section: Superoxide Anionmentioning

confidence: 90%