Premorbid Personality Assessments of First Onset of Major Depression

Hirschfeld, Robert M. A.; Klerman, Gerald L.; Lavori, Philip W.; Keller, Martin B.; Griffith, Pamela; Coryell, William

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810040051008

Cited by 391 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…One of the major outcomes of stress is depression and Neuroticism is associated with depression and negative affect (Chioqueta and Stiles, 2005;Hirschfeld et al, 1989;Lau et al, 2006;Watson et al, 1988). Perhaps the mediation by stress observed here is due to the stress sub facet included in the Neuroticism trait.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Personality factors and psychopathy, alexithymia and stress

Singh

Arteche

Holder

2011

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Personality factors and psychopathy, alexithymia and stress

Singh

Arteche

Holder

2011

Asian Journal of Psychiatry

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“…Its importance as a psychological construct is further enhanced by its well documented correlation with common psychiatric disorders, that is, high levels of neuroticism predict the onset and subsequent episodes of major depression [2][3][4][5] and are associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety in the general population. [6][7][8][9] The correlation between anxiety, major depression and neuroticism is, in part, due to the presence of shared genetic factors, [10][11][12][13] an observation that has spurred attempts to map the genetic basis of neuroticism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A whole genome association study of neuroticism using DNA pooling

et al. 2007

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We describe a multistage approach to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with neuroticism, a personality trait that shares genetic determinants with major depression and anxiety disorders. Whole genome association with 452 574 SNPs was performed on DNA pools from B2000 individuals selected on extremes of neuroticism scores from a cohort of 88 142 people from southwest England. The most significant SNPs were then genotyped on independent samples to replicate findings. We were able to replicate association of one SNP within the PDE4D gene in a second sample collected by our laboratory and in a family-based test in an independent sample; however, the SNP was not significantly associated with neuroticism in two other independent samples. We also observed an enrichment of low P-values in known regions of copy number variations. Simulation indicates that our study had B80% power to identify neuroticism loci in the genome with odds ratio (OR) > 2, and B50% power to identify small effects (OR = 1.5). Since we failed to find any loci accounting for more than 1% of the variance, the heritability of neuroticism probably arises from many loci each explaining much less than 1%. Our findings argue the need for much larger samples than anticipated in genetic association studies and that the biological basis of emotional disorders is extremely complex.

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“…Facets of agreeableness appear relevant to phobias, and facets of conscientiousness appear relevant to phobic, panic, and major depressive disorders (Bienvenu et al, 2004). Similar to abnormalities in the HPA axis, these personality traits have been posited to predispose to mood disorders (Hirschfeld et al, 1989), although the relationships appear complex (Kendler et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Cortisol Responses to Stress and Personality

Oswald

Zandi

Nestadt

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

231

145

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Although there is growing evidence of links between the cortisol stress response and personality, the nature of the relationships and the underlying mechanisms require further clarification. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between personality traits and cortisol responses to stress using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory five-factor model of personality. In total, 68 healthy adults, aged 18-30 years, completed the personality assessment and underwent a laboratory psychological stress test that consisted of a 5 min speech and 5-min of mental arithmetic. Findings showed that in the sample as a whole, less Openness was associated with lower cortisol responses to the challenge. Cortisol responses also corresponded to certain personality dimensions in a gender-specific manner. Blunted cortisol responses were associated with higher Neuroticism in women and with lower Extraversion in men. These findings suggest that personality traits that have been traditionally associated with greater psychopathology were also associated with blunted HPA axis responses to stress.

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Premorbid Personality Assessments of First Onset of Major Depression

Cited by 391 publications

References 20 publications

Personality factors and psychopathy, alexithymia and stress

Personality factors and psychopathy, alexithymia and stress

A whole genome association study of neuroticism using DNA pooling

Relationship between Cortisol Responses to Stress and Personality

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